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![Saths Cooper on South African issues and Steve Biko.](images/fileicons/nodigital.png)
Saths Cooper, president of South Africa’s Professional Board for Psychology, speaks about Steve Biko, leader of the Black Consciousness movement. He speaks about Apartheid and colonization’s influences on South Africans. He claims that the west usually ignores the exploitation and wrongs of colonization on South Africa, and instead concentrates only on anti-Apartheid movements. The struggle is both at the national and social levels. The struggle means repossession of land and social transformation. Whites own most of the land in South Africa, but constitute only 15% of the population. Cooper also talks about how the youth have taken the lead in the revolution because they have vested interest in their futures, so they fight against resignation to the law. He says, “The youth have become the collective consciousness of a people denied on a political, social, and economic level.” He speaks about racial and economic hierarchies in South Africa, and about Steve Biko’s influence and student organization influence. He lastly speaks about how AZAPO (Azanian People’s Organization) follows Black Consciousness ideologies, while other organizations in South Africa follow AZAPO’s ideology, and he claims that Biko had to be killed when he did (1977) because people were unified under UDF (United Democratic Front - a South African umbrella organization of banned black organizations) and they realized they had a common enemy, so they needed to strike together. Therefore, the government killed Biko because of his strong influence and threat to the psychological impact of Apartheid. Cooper’s talk is followed by a question and answer session, and continues to Side B.
![Questions and Answers with Chairman Pokela of the PAC](images/fileicons/nodigital.png)
In an informal conversation, Chairman Pokela of the PAC talks with members of Material Aid to ZANU, Free Azania (NYC Chapter), and the Anti-Springbok 5. Within the course of the question and answer session, Poleka details a wide range of issues facing South Africans and the liberation struggle in 1982. He talks about the significance of the Soweto uprisings, types of resistance, Bantustans and separate development, history, aims and objectives of the PAC, the role of workers and capitalism, armed struggle, political prisoners, and the PAC’s connection to other regional struggles for liberation. Three tapes.
![Strategic Problems in South Africa\'s Liberation Struggle: A Critical Analysis](images/fileicons/nodigital.png)
Contents: Non-Violent Mass Action; The Transfer to Violence
3 Documents Found