Puerto Rico
Puerto Rico was invaded by the US in 1898 after winning
independence from Spain. An independence movement has thrived ever since
that has reasserted a right to self-determination and an end to US
colonialism. Includes extensive material on Puerto Rican
Independentistas, political prisoners, prisoners of war* and land rights as well as
struggles in the diaspora.
This collection contains sub-collections focused on political parties and organizations committed to the struggle for Puerto Rican independence, groups and organizations founded to support political prisoners and prisoners of war and general information.
*Prisoners of War:
On October 12, 1970, UN resolution 2621 approved by the General Assembly, declared colonialism an international crime. Said resolution reaffirmed the right of any intervened, colonized nation to utilize whatever form of struggle is necessary to obtain its independence. Armed struggle, military resistance and whatever form of struggle that leads to the independence of nations that are colonized, invaded and occupied by foreign military troops, is recognized as a right by the UN. Puerto Rico, by virtue of being a colonial state is supported by International Law.
International Law is also very specific in reference to prisoners of war. According to the Geneva Convention, combatants who have declared themselves prisoners of war must be recognized as such. Those Puerto Ricans arrested were armed and accused of belonging to the Armed Forces of Puerto Rican National Libertion. The nature of the arrest and the US government's own indictment only serves to reaffirm that the eleven were combatants in the struggle for Puerto Rican independence at the time of their arrests. According to the Geneva Treaty, ratified by the UN in 1949, captured soldiers are prisoners of war. It is thus the argument of the eleven that they are prisoners of war.
This collection contains sub-collections focused on political parties and organizations committed to the struggle for Puerto Rican independence, groups and organizations founded to support political prisoners and prisoners of war and general information.
*Prisoners of War:
On October 12, 1970, UN resolution 2621 approved by the General Assembly, declared colonialism an international crime. Said resolution reaffirmed the right of any intervened, colonized nation to utilize whatever form of struggle is necessary to obtain its independence. Armed struggle, military resistance and whatever form of struggle that leads to the independence of nations that are colonized, invaded and occupied by foreign military troops, is recognized as a right by the UN. Puerto Rico, by virtue of being a colonial state is supported by International Law.
International Law is also very specific in reference to prisoners of war. According to the Geneva Convention, combatants who have declared themselves prisoners of war must be recognized as such. Those Puerto Ricans arrested were armed and accused of belonging to the Armed Forces of Puerto Rican National Libertion. The nature of the arrest and the US government's own indictment only serves to reaffirm that the eleven were combatants in the struggle for Puerto Rican independence at the time of their arrests. According to the Geneva Treaty, ratified by the UN in 1949, captured soldiers are prisoners of war. It is thus the argument of the eleven that they are prisoners of war.
Subcollections
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Free Puerto Rican POWs and Political Prisoners
The National Committee to Free Puerto Rican POWs and Political Prisoners, 1981-1998, campaigned around many issues, regarding the 15 Puerto Rican Political Prisoners and Prisoners of War. -
Fuerzas Armadas de Liberacion Nacional (FALN)
The FALN was an anti-colonial and anti-imperialist clandestine organization based in the diaspora using armed propaganda to advocate for Puerto Rican independence. -
Libertad
Bi-lingual newsletters produced from 1979-1998 by the Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of war. Libertad’s primary mission was to organize support for Puerto Rican prisoners of war incarcerated by the United States. -
Movimiento de Liberacion Nacional
Formed to analyze attempts by the US government to crush the Puerto Rican independence movement, and to form a new political vehicle to resist this oppression. -
New Movement
An anti-imperialist group in solidarity with the Puerto Rican Independence movement, it supported all aspects of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement- including clandestine groups on the island and in the Diaspora. -
Puerto Rico Small Books and Monographs
This collection contains books and monographs pertaining to the independence struggle of Puerto Rico. Many of these books were written by major figures in the Puerto Rican Independence movement and discuss a variety of topics. -
Puerto Rico: A History of the People
This collection contains documents detailing the various struggles of Puerto Ricans against foreign invaders from the arrival of the Spanish to the current occupation by the United States of America. -
Que Ondee Sola
Que Ondee Sola was established in 1972 and remains the oldest Puerto Rican/Latina/o university student publication in print.
Documents
5 Documents Found
Pro Libertad: Esperanza Martel
Esperanza Martel, a Puerto Rican independentista, gives a brief history of the Puerto Rican Independence Movement. She also discusses the colonial relationship between PR and the US and cites the violations of the PR constitution by FBI surveillance and harrassment of activists. Also discussed is the underground resistance movement, Los Macheteros (the Machete Wielders, also known as the Boricuan Popular Army) and political prisoners such as Elizam Escobar, Ricardo Jiminez, Adolfo Matos, Edwin Cortes, Ida Luz Rodriguez, Alicia Rodriguez, Dylcia Pagan, Luis Rosa, Alejandrina Torres, Carmen Valentine, Alberto Rodriguez, Antonio Camacho Negron and Oscar Lopez Rivera.
Puerto Rico Fact Sheet: Independence or Annexation
Publisher: Movimiento de Liberacion Nacional; New Movement in Solidarity with Puerto Rican IndependenceFormat: ReportCollection: New Movement
Report with information on the history of Puerto Rico, its political status, its economic situation, important dates in Puerto Rican history, resistance to US colonialism, Vieques, colonial political parties in Puerto Rico and independence parties and organizations.
LIBERTAD
Publisher: National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of WarYear: 1986Volume Number: Vol. VII-X OctoberFormat: PeriodicalCollection: Libertad
Contents: Felix Rosa- The Unbreakable Will of a Patriot; US Government Intensifies Counter-Insurgency Campaign Against Independence Movement; POW Luis Rosa under 24 hour Lockdown; Luis Lausell Imprisoned for Income Tax Protest; Successful Latin American Encounter Against Repression and For Human Rights; News on the Puerto Rico Independence 16; August 30th Communique (Los Machertos); The Lares Uprising- Reaffirmation of the Puerto Rican Nation; Presentation of the UN Decolonization Committee;
LIBERTAD
Publisher: National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of WarYear: 1986Volume Number: Vol. VII-XII DecemberFormat: PeriodicalCollection: Libertad
Contents: The Case of Alejandrina and Susan: Psychological Torture Exposed Close the Control Unit! Campaign to Protest Inhuman Conditions at MCC for Oscar and Kojo Continues; Prisoners of War/Political Prisoners: What is the Difference?; The Roots of El Yunque; Communique from the Puerto Rican People\'s Army - Macheteros; The Puerto Rican Nationalists; Health Endangered- 4th week of Luis Colon-Osorio Hunger Strike.
LIBERTAD
Publisher: National Committee to Free Puerto Rican Prisoners of WarYear: 1988Volume Number: Vol. IX-IX SeptemberFormat: PeriodicalCollection: Libertad
Contents: Alejandrina Has Been Transferred!; While Hundreds Plan Activities in Protest of 2nd Invasion Filiberto Ojeda-Rios Arrested Again!; FALN and EPB-Macheteros Propose Decolonization Plan to the UN; Delegation Formally Presents Political Asylum Petition on Behalf of Puerto Rican Prisoners of War; In Defense of the Cuban Revolution; News briefs.
5 Documents Found
