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<font size="3"><dd><i><a name="DIV4"></a>To the Man-Child, Tall,
evil, graceful, brighteyed<a name="DIV4"></a>, black man-child
Jonathan Peter Jackson who died on August 7, 1970, courage in one
hand, assault rifle in the other; my brother, comrade, friend the
true revolutionary, the black communist guerrilla in the highest state
of development, he died on the trigger, scourge of the unrighteous,
soldier of the people; to this terrible man-child and his wonderful
mother Georgia Bea, to Angela Y. Davis, my tender experience, I
dedicate this collection of letters; to the destruction of their
enemies I dedicate my life.<br>
<br>
</i></dd>
</font>
</dl>
<div align="right"><font size="3"><b>George L. Jackson<br>
<br>
</b></font></div>
<font size="3">August 7, 1970, just a few days after George Jackson was
transferred to San Quentin, the case was catapulted to the forefront of
national news when his brother, Jonathan, a seventeen-year-old high
school student in Pasadena, staged a raid on the Marin County
courthouse with a satchelful of handguns, an assault rifle, and a
shotgun hidden under his coat. Educated into a political revolutionary
by George, Jonathan invaded the court during a hearing for three black
San Quentin inmates, not including his brother, and handed them
weapons. As he left with the inmates and five hostages, including the
judge, Jonathan demanded that the Soledad Brothers be released within
thirty minutes. In the shootout that ensued, Jonathan was gunned down.
Of Jonathan, George wrote, "He was free for a while. I guess that's
more than most of us can expect."<br>
<br>
<b>***********************************************<br>
</b></font>
<h1><b><b>Ruchell Cinque Magee: Sole Survivor Still <br>
<br>
</b></b></h1>
<h2><b><b>by Mumia Abu-Jamal</b></b></h2>
<dl>
<dd><b><font size="3">Slavery is being practiced by the system under
color of law – Slavery 400 years ago, slavery today; it's the same
thing, but with a new name. They're making millions and millions of
dollars enslaving Blacks, poor whites, and others - people who don't
even know they're being railroaded. -- Ruchell Cinque Magee <br>
</font></b></dd>
<dd><b><font size="3">(from radio interview with Kiilu Nyasha,
"Freedom is a Constant Struggle," KPFA-FM, 12 August 1995) <br>
<br>
</font></b></dd>
</dl>
<b><font size="3">If you were asked to name the longest held political
prisoner in the United States, what would your answer be? <br>
<br>
Most would probably reply "Geronimo ji jaga (Pratt)," "Sundiata Acoli",
or "Sekou Odinga" -- all 3 members of the Black Panther Party or
soldiers of the Black Liberation Army, who have been encaged for their
political beliefs or principled actions for decades. Some would point
to Lakota leader, Leonard Peltier, who struggled for the freedom of
Native peoples, thereby incurring the enmity of the US Government, who
framed him in a 1975 double murder trial. Those answers would be good
guesses, for all of these men have spent hellified years in state and
federal dungeons, but here's a man who has spent more. <br>
<br>
Ruchell C. Magee arrived in Los Angeles, California in 1963, and wasn't
in town for six months before he and a cousin, Leroy, were arrested on
the improbable charges of kidnap and robbery, after a fight with a man
over a woman and a $10 bag of marijuana. Magee, in a slam-dunk "trial,"
was swiftly convicted and swifter still sentenced to life. <br>
<br>
Magee, politicized in those years, took the name of the African freedom
fighter, Cinque, who, with his fellow captives seized control of the
slave ship, the Amistad, and tried to sail back to Africa. Like his
ancient namesake, Cinque would also fight for his freedom from
legalized slavery, and for 7 long years he filed writ after writ,
learning what he calls "guerrilla law", honing it as a tool for
liberation of himself and his fellow captives. But California courts,
which could care less about the alleged "rights" of a young Black man
like Magee, dismissed his petitions willy-nilly. <br>
<br>
In August, 1970, MaGee appeared as a witness in the assault trial of
James McClain, a man charged with assaulting a guard after San Quentin
guards murdered a Black prisoner, Fred Billingsley. McClain, defending
himself, presented imprisoned witnesses to expose the racist and
repressive nature of prisons. In the midst of MaGee's testimony, a 17
year old young Black man with a huge Afro hairdo, burst into the
courtroom, heavily armed. <br>
<br>
Jonathan Jackson shouted "Freeze!" Tossing weapons to McClain, William
Christmas, and a startled Magee, who given his 7 year hell where no
judge knew the meaning of justice, joined the rebellion on the spot.
The four rebels took the judge, the DA and three jurors hostage, and
headed for a radio station where they were going to air the wretched
prison conditions to the world, as well as demand the immediate release
of a group of political prisoners, know that The Soledad Brothers
(these were John Cluchette, Fleeta Drumgo, and Jonathan's oldest
brother, George). While the men did not hurt any of their hostages,
they did not reckon on the state's ruthlessness. <br>
<br>
Before the men could get their van out of the court house parking lot,
prison guards and sheriffs opened furious fire on the vehicle, killing
Christmas, Jackson, McClain as well as the judge. The DA was
permanently paralyzed by gun fire. Miraculously, the jurors emerged
relatively unscratched, although Magee, seriously wounded by gunfire,
was found unconscious. <br>
<br>
Magee, who was the only Black survivor of what has come to be called
"The August 7th Rebellion," would awaken to learn he was charged with
murder, kidnapping and conspiracy, and further, he would have a
co-defendant, a University of California Philosophy Professor, and
friend of Soledad Brother, George L. Jackson, named Angela Davis, who
faced identical charges. <br>
<br>
By trial time the cases were severed, with Angela garnering massive
support leading to her 1972 acquittal on all charges. <br>
<br>
Magee's trial did not garner such broad support, yet he boldly advanced
the position that as his imprisonment was itself illegal, and a form of
unjustifiable slavery, he had the inherent right to escape such
slavery, an historical echo of the position taken by the original
Cinque, and his fellow captives, who took over a Spanish slave ship,
killed the crew (except for the pilot) and tried to sail back to
Africa. The pilot surreptitiously steered the Amistad to the US coast,
and when the vessel was seized by the US, Spain sought their return to
slavery in Cuba. Using natural and international law principals, US
courts decided they captives had every right to resist slavery and
fight for their freedom. <br>
<br>
Unfortunately, Magee's jury didn't agree, although it did acquit on at
least one kidnapping charge. The court dismissed on the murder charge,
and Magee has been battling for his freedom every since. <br>
<br>
That he is still fighting is a tribute to a truly remarkable man, a man
who knows what slavery is, and more importantly, what freedom means. <br>
<br>
FREE CINQUE !! <br>
<br>
May 27, 1997 © 1997 Mumia Abu-Jamal - All Rights Reserved <br>
</font><font size="3"><b>****************************************************************<br>
<br>
>From the Forward to Soledad Brother (1994) By Jonathan Jackson, Jr.<br>
<br>
</b><a name="DIV5"></a>I was born eight and a half months after my
father, Jonathan Jackson, was shot down on August 7, 1970, at the Marin
County Courthouse, when he tried to gain the release of the Soledad
Brothers by taking hostages. Before and especially after that day,
Uncle George kept in constant contact with my mother by writing from
his cell in San Quentin. (The Department of Corrections wouldn't put
her on the visitors' list.) During George's numerous trial appearances
for the Soledad Brothers case, Mom would lift me above the crowd so he
could see me. Consistently, we would receive a letter a few days later.
For a single mother with son, alone and in the middle of both
controversy and not a little unwarranted trouble with the authorities,
those messages of strength were no doubt instrumental in helping her
carry on. No matter how oppressive his situation became, George always
had time to lend his spirit to the people he cared for. <br>
<br>
A year and two weeks after the revolutionary takeover in Marin, George
was ruthlessly murdered by prison guards at San Quentin. Both he and my
father left me a great deal: pride, history, an unmistakable name. My
experience has been at once wonderful and incredibly difficult. My life
is not consumed by the Jackson legacy, but my charge is an accepted and
cherished piece of my existence. It is out of my responsibility to my
legacy that I have come to write this Foreword to my uncle's prison
writings. <br>
<br>
Today I read my inherited letters often those written from George to
my mother with a dull pencil on prison stationery. They are things of
beauty, my most valuable possessions, passionate pieces of writing that
have few rivals in the modern era. They will remain unpublished.
However, the letters of <i>Soledad Brother</i> demonstrate the same
insight and eloquence the way George's writings make his personal
experience universal is the mainstay of his brilliance. <br>
<br>
When this collection of letters was first released in 1969, it brought
a young revolutionary to the forefront of a tempest, a tempest
characterized by the Black Power, free speech, and antiwar movements,
accompanied by a dissatisfaction with the status quo throughout the
United States. With unflinching directness, George Jackson conveyed an
intelligent yet accessible message with his trademark style, rational
rage. He illuminated previously hidden viewpoints and feelings that
disenfranchised segments of the population were unable to articulate:
the poor, the victimized, the imprisoned, the disillusioned. George
spoke in a revolutionary voice that they had no idea existed. He was
the prominent figure of true radical thought and practice during the
period, and when he was assassinated, much of the movement died along
with him. But George Jackson cannot and will not ever leave. His life
and thoughts serve as the message George himself is the revolution. <br>
<br>
The reissue of <i>Soledad Brother</i> at this point in time is
essential. It appears that the nineties are going to be a telling
decade in U.S. history. The signposts of systemic breakdown are as
glaringly obvious as they were in the sixties: unrest manifesting
itself in inner-city turmoil, widespread rise of violence in the
culture, and international oppression to legitimize a state in crisis.
The fact that imprisonments in California have more than tripled over
the last decade, supported by the public, is merely one sign of
societal decomposition. That systemic change occurred during the
sixties is a myth. The United States in the nineties faces strikingly
analogous problems. George spoke to the issues of his day, but
conditions now are so similar that this work could have been written
last month. It is imperative that George be heard, whether by the angry
but unchanneled young or by the cynical and worldly mature. The message
must be carried farther than where he bravely left it in August of
1971. <br>
<br>
Over the past twenty-five years, why has George Jackson not been an
integral part of mainstream consciousness? He has been and still is
underexposed, reduced to simplistic terms, and ultimately
misunderstood. Racial and conspiracy theory aside, there are rational
reasons for his exclusion. They stem not only from the hard-line
revolutionary aspects of George's philosophy, but more importantly from
the nature of the political system that he existed in and under. <br>
<br>
Howard Zinn has pointed out in <i>A People's History of the United
States</i> that "the history of any country, presented as the history
of a family, conceals fierce conflicts of interest (sometimes
exploding, most often repressed) between conquerors and conquered,
masters and slaves, capitalists and workers, dominators and dominated."
U.S. history is essentially that type of hidden history. Without
denying important mitigating factors, the United States of today is
strongly linked to the values and premises on which it was founded.
That is, it is a settler colony founded primarily on two basic pillars,
upheld by the Judeo-Christian tradition: genocide of indigenous peoples
and slave labor in support of a capitalist infrastructure. Although the
Bible repeatedly exalts mass slaughter and oppression, Judeo-Christian
morality is publicly held to be inconsistent with them. This
dissonance, evident within the nation's structure from the beginning,
informs the state's fi
rst function: to oversimplify and minimize immoral events in order to
legitimize history and the state's very existence simultaneously. <br>
<br>
Ironically, traditional Judeo-Christian morality is a perfect vehicle
for genocide, slavery, and territorial expansion. As a logical
progression from biblical example, expansion and imperialism culminated
in the United States with the concept of Manifest Destiny, which held
that it was the colonists' inherent right to expand and conquer.
Further it was a duty, the "white man's burden," to save the "natives,"
to attempt to convert all heathens encountered. Protestant Calvinism
provided a set of ethics that fit perfectly with the colonists'
conquests. Max Weber, in his definitive study on religion, <i>The
Sociology of Religion</i>, wrote, "Calvinism held that the unsearchable
God possessed good reasons for having distributed the gifts of fortune
unevenly"; it "represented as God's will [the Calvinists'] domination
over the sinful world. Clearly this and other features of
Protestantism, such as its rationalization of the existence of a lower
c
lass, <a
href="http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/soledadbro.html#NOT0"><sup>1</sup></a><a
name="TON0"></a> were not only the bases for the formation of the
United States, but still prominently exist today. "One must go to the
ethics of ascetic Protestantism," Weber asserts, "to find any ethical
sanction for economic rationalism and for the entrepreneur." When a
nation can't admit to the process through which it builds hegemony, how
can anything but delusion be a reality? "The monopoly of truth,
including historical truth," stated Daniel Singer in a lecture at
Evergreen State College (Washington) in 1987, "is implied in the
monopoly of power." <br>
<br>
Clearly, objective history is an impossibility. This understood, the
significant problem lies in how the general population defines the
term; <i>history</i> implies that truth is being told. It is an
unfortunate fact that history is unfailingly written by the victors,
which in the case of the United States are not only the original
imperialists, but the majority of the "founding fathers," dedicated to
uniting and strengthening the existing mercantile class among
disjointed colonies. There can be no doubt that from the creation of
this young nation, history as a created and perceived entity moved
further and further away from the objective ideal. Genocide, necessary
for "the development of the modern capitalist economy," according to
Howard Zinn, was rationalized as a reaction to the fear of Indian
savages. Slavery was similarly construed. <br>
<br>
The personalization of history, the process by which we construct
heroes and pariahs, is a consequence of its dialectical nature. Without
fail, an odd paradox is created around someone who, by virtue of his or
her actions, becomes prominent enough to warrant the designation
"historical figure." There is a leap on the part of the general public,
sparked by the media, to another mindset. Sensational deeds are
glorified, horrible acts reviled. A few points are selected as defining
characteristics. The media, conforming to their restrictions of
concision (which make accuracy nearly impossible to attain), reiterate
these points over and over. Schools and textbooks not only teach these
points but drill them into young minds. Howard Zinn comments that "this
learned sense of moral proportion, coming from the apparent objectivity
of the scholar, is accepted more easily than when it comes from
politicians at press conferences. It is therefore more deadly." <br>
<br>
A few tidbits, factual or not, incomplete and selective, are used to
describe the entirety of a person's existence. They become part of
mainstream consciousness. We therefore know that Lincoln freed the
slaves, Malcolm X was a black extremist, and Hitler was solely
responsible for World War II and the Holocaust. All half-truths go
unexplained, all fallacies go unchallenged, as they appear to make
perfect sense to the everyday, noncritically thinking American. The
paradox has been created: The more famous a person becomes, the more
misunderstood he or she is. This accepted occurrence is incredibly
counterintuitive: the public should know more, not less, about a
noteworthy individual and the sociopolitical dynamics surrounding him
or her. <br>
<br>
This historical mythicization is not, for the most part, a consciously
created phenomenon. The media don't go out of their way to mislead the
public by constructing false heroes and emphasizing the mundane. Fewer
"dimly lit conferences" take place than conspiracy theorists believe.
It is the existing political system that is responsible for the
information that reaches the general public. The state's control of
information created the system, and it continually re-creates it.
Propagated by schooling and the media, information that reaches the
public is subject to three chief mechanisms of state control: denial,
self-censorship, and imprisonment. <br>
<br>
Denial is the easiest control mechanism, and therefore the most common.
If events do not follow the state's agenda or its ecumenical ideology
and might bring unrest, they are denied. Examples are plentiful: prewar
state terrorism against the people of North and South Vietnam and later
the bombing of Cambodia; government funding and military aid to the
Nicaraguan Contras; and support of UNITA and South Africa in the
virtual destruction of Angola, among many others. <br>
<br>
Denial goes hand in hand with self-censorship. The media emphasize
certain personal characteristics and events and de-emphasize others, in
a pattern that supports U.S. hegemony. The information that reached the
public after the U.S. invasion of Panama in 1989 is telling. It was not
until much later, after the heat of controversy, that the average
citizen had access to the scope of the devastation. The effectiveness
of self-censorship in this case was maximized, as the full details of
the Panama invasion were patchwork for years. <br>
<br>
While we may assume that the media have an obligation to accurately
convey such an event to the public, the media in fact perpetuate the
government's position by engaging in their own self-censorship. Noam
Chomsky points out in <i>Deterring Democracy</i>, "With a fringe of
exceptions mostly well after the tasks had been accomplished the
media rallied around the flag with due piety and enthusiasm, funnelling
the most absurd White House tales to the public while scrupulously
refraining from asking the obvious questions, or seeing the obvious
facts." <br>
<br>
Denial and self-censorship create a comfort zone for the U.S.
citizenry, generally uncritical and willing to accept digestible
versions of historical personalities and world events. The reasoning
behind denial and self-censorship: do not make the public
uncomfortable, even if that means diluting, sensationalizing, or lying
about the truth. <br>
<br>
Ultimately, when denial and self-censorship may not be sufficient for
control of information, the state resorts to imprisonment. All
imprisonment is political and as such all imprisonments carry equal
weight. Society does, however, distinguish two categories of
imprisonment: one for breaking a law, the other for political reasons.
A difference is clear: American Indian Movement leader Leonard Peltier,
serving a federal sentence for his supposed role at Wounded Knee, is
considered a different type of prisoner than an armed robber serving a
five-to-seven-year sentence. <br>
<br>
State policy reflects institutional needs. When the state as an
institution cannot tolerate an outside threat, real or perceived, from
an individual or group, the consequences at its command include
isolation, persecution, and political imprisonment. All may occur in
greater or lesser form, depending on the degree of threat. <br>
<br>
Political incarceration removes threats to the political and economic
hegemony of the United States. Even though in 1959 George Jackson
initially went to prison as an "everyday lawbreaker" with a
one-year-to-life sentence, it was his political consciousness that kept
him incarcerated for eleven years. In 1970 George wrote: <br>
<br>
International capitalism cannot be destroyed without the extremes of
struggle. The entire colonial world is watching the blacks inside the
U.S., wondering and waiting for us to come to our senses. Their
problems and struggles with the Amerikan monster are much more
difficult than they would be if we actively aided them. We are on the
inside. We are the only ones (besides the very small white minority
left) who can get at the monster's heart without subjecting the world
to nuclear fire. We have a momentous historical role to act out if we
will. The whole world for all time in the future will love us and
remember us as the righteous people who made it possible for the world
to live on. If we fail through fear and lack of aggressive imagination,
then the slaves of the future will curse us, as we sometimes curse
those of yesterday. I don't want to die and leave a few sad songs and a
hump in the ground as my only monument. I want to leave a world that is
liberated from trash, pol
lution, racism, nation-states, nation-state wars and armies, from pomp,
bigotry, parochialism, a thousand different brands of untruth, and
licentious usurious economics. <br>
<br>
Nothing is more dangerous to a system that depends on misinformation
than a voice that obeys its own dictates and has the courage to speak
out. George Jackson's imprisonment and further isolation within the
prison system were clearly a function of the state's response to his
outspoken opposition to the capitalist structure. <br>
<br>
Political incarceration is a tangible form of state control. Unlike
denial and self-censorship, imprisonment is publicly scrutinized. Yet
public reaction to political incarceration has been minimal. The U.S.
government claims it holds no political prisoners (denial), while any
notice given to protests focused on political prisoners invariably
takes the form of a human interest story (self-censorship). <br>
<br>
The efficacy of political incarceration in the United States cannot be
denied. Prison serves not only as a physical barrier, but a
communication restraint. Prisoners are completely ostracized from
society, with little or no chance to break through. Those few outside
who might be sympathetic are always hesitant to communicate or protest
past a certain point, fearing their own persecution or imprisonment.
Also, deep down most people believe that all prisoners, regardless of
their individual situations, really did do something "wrong." Added to
that prejudice, society lacks a distinction between a prisoner's
actions and his or her personal worth; a bad act equals a bad person.
The bottom line is that the majority of people simply will not believe
that the state openly or covertly oppresses without criminal cause. As
Daniel Singer asked at the Evergreen conference in 1987, "Is it
possible for a class which exterminates the native peoples of the
Americas, replaces them by raping Africa for humans it then denigrates
and dehumanizes as slaves, while cheapening and degrading its own
working class is it possible for such a class to create a democracy,
equality and to advance the cause of human freedom? The implicit answer
is, `No, of course not."' <br>
<br>
How does a person inside or outside prison confront the cultural
mindsets, the layers of misinformation propagated by the capitalist
system? Sooner or later, what can be called the "radical dilemma"
surfaces for the few wanting to enter into a structural attack/analysis
of the United States. Culturally, educationally, and politically, all
of us are similarly limited by these layers of misinformation; we are
all products of the system. None of us functions from a clean slate
when considering or debating any issue, especially history as it
pertains to the United States. <br>
<br>
George Jackson struggled against the constraints of denial and
self-censorship, to say nothing of his physical and communicative
distance from society. Political prisoners are inherently vulnerable to
an either/or situation: isolating silence or elimination. For George,
his vociferous revolutionary attitude was either futile or
self-exterminating. He was well aware of his situation. In <i>Blood in
My Eye</i>, his political treatise, he wrote: <br>
<br>
I'm in a unique political position. I have a very nearly closed future,
and since I have always been inclined to get disturbed over organized
injustice or terrorist practice against the innocents wherever I
can now say just about what I want (I've always done just about that),
without fear of self-exposure. I can only be executed once. <br>
<br>
George was equally aware that revolutionary change happens only when an
entire society is ready. No amount of action, preaching, or teaching
will spark revolution if social conditions do not warrant it. My
father's case, unfortunately, is an appropriate indicator. He attempted
a revolutionary act during a reactionary time; elimination was the only
possible consequence. <br>
<br>
The challenge for a radical in today's world is to balance reformist
tendencies (political liberalism) and revolutionary action/ideology
(radicalism). While reformism entails a legitimation of the status quo
as a search for changes within the system, radicalism posits a change
of system. Because revolutionaries are particularly vulnerable, a
certain degree of reformism is necessary to create space, space needed
to begin the laborious task of making revolution. <br>
<br>
George's statement "Combat Liberalism" and the general reaction to it
typify the gulf between the two philosophies. George was universally
misunderstood by the left and the right alike. As is the case with most
modern political prisoners, nearly all of his support came from
reformists with liberal leanings. It seems that they acted in spite of,
rather than because of, the core of his message. <br>
<br>
The left's attitude toward COINTELPRO is a useful illustration.
COINTELPRO, the covert government program used to dismantle the Black
Panther Party, and later the American Indian Movement, is typically
cited by many leftists as a damning example of the government's
conspiratorial nature. Declassified documents and ex-agents'
testimonies have shown COINTELPRO to be one of the most unlawful,
insidious cells of government in the nation's history. COINTELPRO,
however, was really a symptomatic, expendable entity; a small police
force within a larger one (FBI), within a branch of government
(executive), within the government itself (liberal democracy), within
the economic system (capitalism). Reformists in radicals' clothing
unknowingly argued against symptoms, rather than the roots, of the
entrenched system. Doing away with COINTELPRO or even the FBI would not
alter the structure that produces the surveillance/elimination
apparatus. <br>
<br>
In George's day, others who considered themselves left of center, or
even revolutionary, concerned themselves with inner-city reform issues,
mostly black ghettos. The problem of and debate about inner cities
still exists. However, recognition of a problem and analysis of that
problem are two very different challenges. The demand to better only
predominantly black inner-city conditions is unrealistic at best. In
the capitalist structure, there must be an upper, middle, and
especially a lower class. Improving black neighborhoods is the
equivalent of ghettoizing some other segment of the population poor
whites, Hispanics, Asians, etc. Nothing intrinsic to the system would
change, only superficial alterations that would mollify the liberal
public. As Chomsky asserts in <i>Turning the Tide</i>: <br>
<br>
Determined opposition to the latest lunacies and atrocities must
continue, for the sake of the victims as well as our own ultimate
survival. But it should be understood as a poor substitute for a
challenge to the deeper causes, a challenge that we are, unfortunately,
in no position to mount at the present though the groundwork can and
must be laid. <br>
<br>
Failure to understand the radical, encompassing viewpoint in the
sixties led to reformism. In effect, the majority of the left
completely deserted any attempt at the radical balance required of the
politically conscious, leaving only liberalism and its narrow vision to
flourish. <br>
<br>
Nobody comprehended the radical dilemma more fully than George Jackson.
Indeed, he developed his philosophy not out of mere happenstance, but
with a very conscious eye upon maintaining his revolutionary ideology.
He writes in <i>Blood in My Eye</i>: <br>
<br>
Reformism is an old story in Amerika. There have been depressions and
socio-economic political crises throughout the period that marked the
formation of the present upper-class ruling circle, and their
controlling elites. But the parties of the left were too committed to
reformism to exploit their revolutionary potential. <br>
<br>
George's involvement with the prison reform movement should therefore
be seen as a matter of survival. Unlike the reformist left, prison
oppression was <i>directly</i> affecting him. His balanced reform
activities improving prisoners' rights while speaking out against
prison as an entity were required to make living conditions tolerable
enough for him to continue on his revolutionary path. Simply, he did
what he had to do to survive created space while simultaneously
pursuing his radical theory. <br>
<br>
The reform George Jackson did accomplish was and still is incredible,
transforming the prison environment from unlivable to livable hell,
from encampments that he called reminiscent of Nazi Germany to at least
a scaled-down version of the like. With his influence, these changes
occurred not only in California, but throughout the nation. Only now is
his influence beginning to slip, with reactionary politics bringing
about torture and sensory deprivation facilities such as Pelican Bay
State Prison in California, as well as the reintroduction for adoption
of the one-to-life indeterminate sentence. This type of sentence is
fertile ground for state oppression, as it is up to a parole board to
decide if an inmate is ever to be let go. A prison can easily and
effectively create situations that transform a one-to-life into a life
sentence. (Tellingly, the indeterminate sentence is being promoted not
by the right, but by a California senator formerly associated with
mainstream libera
l causes.) <br>
<br>
Politically, George Jackson provided us all with a radical education, a
viable alternative to viewing not only the United States but the world
as a political entity. He gave the disenfranchised a lens through which
they could clearly see their situation and become more conscious about
it. He wrote in April 1970: <br>
<br>
It all falls into place. I see the whole thing much clearer now, how
fascism has taken possession of this country, the interlocking
dictatorship from county level on up to the Grand Dragon in Washington,
D.C. <br>
<br>
Crucially, George's treatment is a concrete, undeniable example of
political oppression. Race is more times than not the easy answer to a
problem. Among people of color in the United States, the quick fix,
"blame it on whitey" mentality has become so prevalent that it
shortcuts thinking. Conversely, stereotypes of minorities act as
simple-minded tools of divisiveness and oppression. George addressed
these issues in prison, setting a model for the outside as well: "I'm
always telling the brothers some of those whites are willing to work
with us against the pigs. All they got to do is stop talking honky.
When the races start fighting, all you have is one maniac group against
another." On the surface, race has been and is still being put forth as
an overriding issue that needs to be addressed as a prerequisite for
social change. In fact, although it seems to loom as a large problem,
race as an issue is again a symptom of capitalism. Of course, on a
paltry le
vel and among the relatively powerless, race does play a part in social
structure (the racist cop, the bigoted landlord, etc.), pitting
segments of the population against each other. But revolutionary change
requires class analysis that drives appropriate actions and eliminates
race as a mitigating factor. Knowing these socioeconomic dynamics,
George Jackson was first and foremost a people's revolutionary, and he
acted as such at all times without compromise. His writings clearly
reflect his belief in class-based revolutionary change. <br>
<br>
Considering the many structural elements affecting him, it is easy to
see why George and his message have been misinterpreted. The quick
takes on him are abundant: it's assumed that he was imprisoned and
oppressed because he was black, because he had publicized ties with the
Black Panther Party and was a well-known organizer within the prison
reform movement. Although George became a "prison celebrity," a status
that certainly didn't help him in terms of acquittal and release,
ignorance of the actual forces responsible for his prolonged
imprisonment is inexcusable. The radical viewpoint is absolutely
indispensable when regarding both George's life circumstance and
philosophy. His life serves not as a mere individual example of prison
cruelty, but as a scalding indictment of the very nature of capitalism.
<br>
<br>
In these times, there are two very different ways to be born into
privilege. First and most obvious in the system of capital is to be
born into wealth. Second, and not precluding the first, is to have an
intellectual, politically conscious base from which to grow as a person
philosophically and spiritually. Radical figures in modern society
Lenin, Trotsky, Ché Guevara, my father, Jonathan Jackson, and my uncle
George Jackson have the capability of providing this base through
their examples and writings. <br>
<br>
Those not born into privilege can achieve a politically conscious base
in different ways. No veils separate the lower class from the realities
of everyday life. They have been given the gift of disillusion.
Bourgeois lifestyle, although perhaps sought after, is in most cases
not attainable. Daily survival is the primary goal, as it was with
George. Of course, when it finally becomes more attractive for one to
fight, and perhaps die, than to live in a survival mode, revolution
starts to become a possibility. Not a riot, not a government takeover
by one or another group, but a people's revolution led by the
politically conscious. <br>
<br>
This consciousness doesn't simply appear. Individuals must grow and
work into it, but it's an invaluable gift to have insight into and
access to an alternative to the frustration, a goal on the horizon. <br>
<br>
The nineties are an unconscious era. The unimportant is all-important,
the essential neglected. What system than capitalism, what time period
than now, is better suited to naturally create the scape-goat, the
seldom-heard political prisoner, misunderstood in his
cult-of-personality status, held back in a choke hold from society? It
is not only our right, but our duty, to listen to and comprehend George
Jackson's message. To not do so is to turn our backs on one of the
brilliant minds of the twentieth century, an individual passionately
involved with liberating not only himself, but all of us. <br>
<br>
Settle your quarrels, come together, understand the reality of our
situation, understand that fascism is already here, that people are
dying who could be saved, that generations more will die or live poor
butchered half-lives if you fail to act. Do what must be done, discover
your humanity and your love in revolution. Pass on the torch. Join us,
give up your life for the people. <br>
<br>
<div align="right"><b><i>George Jackson</i></b> <br>
<br>
<b>Jonathan Jackson, Jr.</b> <br>
<br>
<b>San Francisco</b> <br>
<br>
<b>June 1994</b> <br>
<br>
</div>
<br>
<br>
<br>
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