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<font face="Verdana" size=2>Original Content at
<a href="http://www.opednews.com/articles/U-S-Prisons-Muslims-and-by-Bonnie-Kerness-100903-575.html" eudora="autourl">
http://www.opednews.com/articles/U-S-Prisons-Muslims-and-by-Bonnie-Kerness-100903-575.html<br>
<br>
</a><b>September 3, 2010<br><br>
</font><font face="Verdana" size=4>U.S. Prisons, Muslims and Human Rights
Violations<br><br>
</b></font><font face="Verdana" size=2><i>By Bonnie Kerness<br><br>
</i>In 1986, I received a letter from Ojore Lutalo who had just been
placed in the Management Control Unit at Trenton State Prison in New
Jersey. He asked what a control unit was, why he was in there and how
long he would have to stay. We knew little of control units then, except
what we learned from the many prisoners who reached out to the AFSC to
mentor those of us trying to give voice to what was - and is still -
happening. <br><br>
Today the continued use of these instruments of torture coupled with the
persistent misunderstanding and mislabeling of prisoners as Muslim
extremist threatens the security of Americans both inside and outside
prison walls, and eats away the moral and spiritual compass that purports
to drive American justice.<br><br>
After Ojore's letter, we began hearing from people throughout the country
saying that they were prisoners being held in extended isolation for
political reasons. We heard from jailhouse lawyers, and prisoner
activists, many of whom were Muslim who found themselves targeted and
locked down in 24/7 solitary confinement. The AFSC began contacting
people inside and outside the prisons to collect testimonies of what was
going on in those isolation units which by definition are forms of
torture. We had no idea how many people were experiencing this, the
conditions in those units and how many control units there were.
<br><br>
One woman wrote "the guard sprayed me with pepper spray because I
wouldn't take my clothes off in front of five male guards. They carried
me to my isolation cell, laid me down on a steel bed and took my clothes
off, leaving me with that pepper spray burning my face." <br><br>
Some of the saddest letters are from prisoners writing on behalf of their
mentally ill peers like the man who spread feces over his body. The
guards' response to this was to put him in a bath so hot it boiled 30
percent of the skin off him. <br><br>
"How do you describe desperation to someone who is not
desperate?" began a letter to me from Ojore Lutalo. He described
everyone in the Trenton Control Unit being awakened at 1 a.m. every other
morning by guards dressed in riot gear and holding barking dogs. Then the
prisoners were forced to strip, gather their belongings while the dogs
strained at their leashes and snapped at their private parts. He
described being terrorized, intimidated, and the humiliation of being
naked and not knowing whether the masked guards were male or female.
<br><br>
If we think back to slavery and to images of the modern Civil Rights
Movement, we understand that dogs have been used as a device of torture
in the U.S. for hundreds of years. <br><br>
These testimonies and more are from men, women and children being held in
isolation and experiencing the use of devices of torture in human cages
where there are few witnesses.<br><br>
I have received thousands of descriptions and drawings of four- and
five-point restraints, restraint hoods, restraint belts, restraint beds,
stun grenades, stun guns, stun belts, spit hoods, chain gangs, black
boxes, tethers, waist and leg chains. <br><br>
Control units first surfaced during the 1960s and 70s, when many in my
generation genuinely believed that each of us was free to dissent
politically. In those years, people acted out this belief in a number of
ways. Native peoples contributed to the formation of the American Indian
Movement dedicated to self determination. Puerto Ricans joined the
movement to free the island from US colonialism. Whites formed the
Students for a Democratic Society and more anti-imperialist groups, while
others worked in the southern Civil Rights movements. The Black Panther
Party was formed. And there was a rise in the prisoner rights movement.
Nightly television news had graphic pictures of State Troopers, Police,
the FBI, and the National Guard killing our peers. <br><br>
I saw on the evening news coverage of the murder of Black Panther Fred
Hampton shot in his sleep by police, and coverage of the killings by
National Guard members of young people protesting the Viet Nam War on the
Jackson and Kent State Universities campuses. Other civil rights workers
were killed with impunity, so many that we felt there was no opportunity
to stop mourning because each day another activist was dead. These
killings and other acts of oppression led to underground formations such
as the Black Liberation Army. <br><br>
In response to this massive outcry against social inequities and for
national liberation, the federal government utilized "Counter
Intelligence Programs" called COINTELPRO conducted by a dozen
agencies, which aimed to cripple the Black Panther Party and other
radical forces. Over the years that these directives were carried out,
many of those targeted young people were put in prisons across the
country. Some, now in their 60s and 70s, are still there. <br><br>
While the U.S. denied that there were people being held for political
reasons, there was no way to work with prisoners without hearing
repeatedly of the existence of such people, and the particular treatment
they endured once imprisoned. As early as 1978, Andrew Young, the former
U.S. Ambassador to the United Nations, was widely quoted saying,
"there were hundreds, perhaps thousands of people I would describe
as political prisoners" in U.S. prisons. <br><br>
Across the nation, we saw an enhanced use of sensory deprivation units
often called "control units" for such people in an attempt to
instill behavior modification. It was this growing "special
treatment" which we began monitoring. At the time, a former warden
at Marion, Illinois, said at a congressional hearing, "The purpose
of the Marion Control Unit is to control revolutionary attitudes in the
prison system and in society at large." <br><br>
People throughout the world are beginning to understand what the
prisoners have been saying to us for decades about the oppressive,
war-like tactics of the U.S. government toward criticism or resistance.
People in prison have warned us that what happens inside finds its way
out here. <br><br>
In a May 5<sup>th</sup> 2009 article in <i>The Trentonian</i>, Afsheen
Shamsi of the Council on American-Islamic Relations says that their
coalition "is upset over what it says is increasing surveillance in
mosques." The group reflects the concerns of Muslims who have grown
tired of being stopped at airports, constant questioning and relentless
security years after the attacks of 9/11. <br><br>
The department of corrections system is more than a set of institutions;
it is a state of mind. It is that state of mind which expanded the use of
isolation, the use of devices of torture, the Counter Intelligence
Programs, and the Department of Homeland Security, against activists,
both inside and outside the walls. <br><br>
Ojore, who first contacted us in 1986, exemplifies the history of control
units and the misperceptions of all Islam as a threat. He was released
from the control unit via litigation in 2002, after<i> 16 years i</i>n
isolation. In 2004, he was placed back into isolation with no
explanation. When I called the N.J. Department of Corrections, I was told
that this was upon the request of Homeland Security. In a 2008
Classification decision, this was confirmed in writing which said the
Department "continues to show concern regarding your admitted
affiliation with the Black Liberation Army. Your radical views and
ability to influence others poses a threat to the orderly operation of
this Institution." <br><br>
After a total of 22 years in isolation, Ojore was released from prison in
August of 2009 via court order. On January 26<sup>th</sup> 2010, he was
disappeared from an Amtrak train, accused of "endangering public
transportation" and arrested in La Junta, Colorado. Because of his
unusual name, newspaper articles had him being Muslim and talking about
Al Qaeda neither of which were true. A judge dismissed all charges one
week later.<br><br>
Control units' latest mutations are as "security threat group
management units." This egregious designation is beyond offensive
because it is the government which gets to define "security threat
group." <br><br>
According to a national survey done by the U.S.Department of Justice, the
Departments of Corrections of Minnesota and Oregon named <u>all</u>
Asians as gangs, which Minnesota further compounds by adding <u>all</u>
Native Americans. New Jersey, Oklahoma, and Pennsylvania go on to list
various Islamic groups as gangs. <br><br>
The "Communications Management Units" in federal prisons use
isolation to restrict the communication of imprisoned Muslims with their
families, the media and the outside world. <br><br>
In 2004, four Islamic prisoners in California were indicted on charges
which included conspiracy to levy war against the U.S. government. One
result of this was a 2006 report called "Out of The Shadows: Getting
Ahead of Prisoner Radicalization" by George Washington University's
Homeland Security Policy Institute. The report states that the
"potential for radicalization of prison inmates poses a threat of
unknown magnitude to the national security of the United States,"
noting that "every radicalized prisoner becomes a potential
terrorist threat." The report states that it focuses, "in
particular on religious radicalization in conjunction with the practice
of Islam." <br><br>
Also in 2006, <i>USAToday </i>reported that the FBI and Homeland Security
were "urging prison administrators to set up more intelligence units
in state prisons, with an emphasis on background checks to ensure that
extremist Muslim clerics don't have access with prisoners."
<br><br>
For those of us who've monitored U.S. prisons over decades, the targeting
of radicalization, the targeting of specific groups, the surveillance and
infiltration of those groups feels very familiar. There can be no doubt
that Islam is being targeted. In one recent case concerning four Islamic
men, known as the Newburgh 4, the judge herself noted that " 'Equal
Justice Under the Law' are words that can be found on many courthouses,
but far too often, where it applies to the socially and or politically
marginalized, these are words devoid of meaning."<br><br>
The U.S. government continues to lock down people for their beliefs, and
is still seeking to identify those who have the potential to politically
radicalize others. After each Homeland Security Code change, Prison Watch
is flooded with calls from people reporting Islamic loved ones being
removed from general prison population and placed in isolation.<br><br>
I have no doubt that Islam itself is suspect to the U.S. government, and
that any Muslim, no matter how law abiding, is suspect. Our work today
needs to be embedded in struggle against this system and its continued
use of isolation and torture as a tool of behavior modification,
religious and political repression. <br><br>
How U.S. prisons function violates the United Nations Convention Against
Torture, and a host of other international treaties. <br><br>
The AFSC recognizes the existence and continued expansion of the penal
system as a profound spiritual crisis. It is a crisis that allows
children to be demonized. It is a crisis which legitimizes torture,
isolation and the abuse of power. It is a crisis which extends beyond
prisons into school and judicial systems. I know each time we send a
child to bed hungry that is violence. That wealth concentrated in the
hands of a few at the expense of many is violence; that the denial of
dignity based on race, class or religion is violence. And that poverty
and prisons are a form of state-manifested violence created by public
policy. <br><br>
I've been part of the struggle for civil and human rights in this country
for over 45 years. We need to alter the very core of every system that
slavery, white supremacy and poverty has given birth to, particularly the
criminal justice system. The United States must stop violating the human
rights of men, women and children. US policies including solitary
confinement, and use of devices or torture have nothing to do with safe
and orderly operation of prisons or society and everything to do with the
spread of a culture of retribution, dehumanization. The restriction of
civil rights is something we can and should debate regularly as a
society. The violation of human rights, and fundamental human decency,
simply is not negotiable.<br><br>
<br>
Bonnie Kerness<br><br>
Coordinator Prison Watch Project<br><br>
Healing and Transformative Justice Program<br><br>
New York Metropolitan Region<br><br>
American Friends Service Committee<br><br>
<br><br>
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