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<h1><font size=3><b>A question of terror: The son in prison, the father
in shock
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<br>
</a><b>Kent Ford was afraid the 9/11 aftereffects would hit Islamic
converts like his son Patrice Lumumba Ford . . . <br>
</b>Sunday, September 09, 2007 <br>
ANGIE CHUANG <br>
<b>The Oregonian</b> <br><br>
Be cautious, Kent Ford says he warned his son shortly after Sept. 11,
2001, when word got out that the hijackers were Islamic terrorists. Ford
had never seen the 110-story twin towers, now reduced to graveyards of
jagged steel and toxic dust. He had never even been to New York City.
<br><br>
But the longtime Portlander immediately worried about his 30-year-old
son, Patrice Lumumba Ford, who converted to Islam in the late 1990s, when
he studied at the University of Beijing as an exchange student from
Morehouse College. <br><br>
"They're looking for scapegoats," Ford recalls telling his son
after the grisly terrorist attacks that killed more than 3,000 people in
New York, at the Pentagon and in Pennsylvania. Law enforcement searched
for answers -- and needed to calm the U.S. public, understandably fearful
about another attack. The government also was looking for terrorists in
the United States. <br><br>
Ford's concern intensified a month later, in October 2001, when Lumumba
suddenly left for China. He told his family he intended to enter Pakistan
to help refugees fleeing the U.S.-led invasion to hunt down Osama bin
Laden, mastermind of the Sept. 11 plot. <br><br>
By November, to Ford's great relief, his son returned in one piece.
Denied a visa into Pakistan, Lumumba rejoined his wife and baby son,
taught at the Muslim Education Trust elementary school in Tigard and
volunteered at the Masjid As-Sabr mosque in Southwest Portland. <br><br>
Life settled into a routine -- until a year later. <br><br>
On Oct. 4, 2002, Attorney General John Ashcroft announced the arrest of
Patrice Lumumba Ford and three other men who had flown to China with him.
<br><br>
The charges: conspiracy to levy war against the United States. Other
arrests on the same charges followed during the next few months. Along
with two others and a Jordanian national later reported killed in a
Pakistani raid, they became known as the Portland Seven, one of several
alleged U.S. sleeper cells. <br><br>
One by one the Portland Seven pleaded guilty to lesser charges, and they
received lighter sentences, agreeing to cooperate with the investigation
as well as other terrorist prosecutions. By October 2003, only Lumumba
and co-defendant Jeffrey Leon Battle had refused to help the FBI. But
facing up to 70 years in prison if convicted at trial, they pleaded
guilty to conspiracy to levy war against the United States, one count of
a 15-count indictment against them. They received the longest sentences,
18 years each in federal prisons. <br><br>
This week, six years after Sept. 11, many will mark how their lives
changed after that grim milestone, and how the United States changed.
Perhaps it's as profound as the loss of a loved one in the twin towers or
Pentagon, as significant as the government's ability to eavesdrop on
e-mail and phone calls without warrants, or as mundane as slipping off
your shoes before getting on a plane. <br><br>
Today, almost five years after the arrest of his son, Ford, 64, marks the
anniversary altogether differently. Before then, the founder of
Portland's Black Panther Party had battled the justice system and won;
the father of four children thought he could raise them to avoid the
scrapes with authorities and discrimination that plagued his youth; the
believer trusted that God, whether Christian or Muslim, looked after
people. <br><br>
It's not that simple anymore. <br><br>
This is how Kent Ford tells the story of that time and how his life and
family changed in the new America. <br><br>
FORD: A few days after Sept. 11, someone broke into Lumumba's van.
Lumumba was teaching kids at the Muslim school and helping out at the
mosque. The school principal's car was broken into the same night. They
just took papers. Kids' homework and everything. Lumumba was shaken up. I
told him to call the junkyard, and he found another window. That was the
beginning of his education to another world. <br><br>
Sept. 29, 2001: Just weeks after the al-Qaida terrorist attack on the
U.S., a Skamania County sheriff's deputy found Lumumba and other men
target-shooting with a 12-gauge shotgun and semi-automatic weapons in a
gravel pit near Washougal, Wash. Federal prosecutors later would use this
as evidence that the men, who had met at Portland's Masjid As-Sabr and
Beaverton's Bilal mosques, were training to fight U.S. soldiers in
Afghanistan. The group named itself Katibat Al-Mawt, prosecutors said,
which translated to Squad of Death. <br><br>
Friends told a different story: Scared after the van break-in and by
anti-Muslim hate crimes, Lumumba legally bought a 12-gauge Remington
shotgun for $100. <br><br>
He told me he had a shotgun, and I told him to be real careful with it,
be real safe with it, make sure his son could get nowhere near it.
<br><br>
Oct. 7, 2001: The U.S. and Britain began bombing in Afghanistan in
response to the Sept. 11 attacks and to hunt bin Laden, launching the war
on terror. Lumumba left for China on Oct. 21. Ford heard that news from
his former wife, and worried about his son traveling at a time of such
high international tension. <br><br>
I didn't know Lumumba was going. According to the court documents, he
said he was concerned about the refugee situation. His mother told me two
days after he was gone. I was taken aback. I felt good that he was
helping out with the relief efforts, but I did ask her, "Why did you
let him go?" <br><br>
Oct. 26, 2001: President Bush signed the USA Patriot Act. It expanded law
enforcement's powers to search and collect evidence and intelligence. The
law includes a new category: domestic terrorism. <br><br>
When Lumumba got back, I was so glad to see him I didn't even ask. I know
as much about this trip today as I knew about it post-9/11. They traveled
on their own passports, they paid their own money. <br><br>
Oct. 4, 2002: Ashcroft announced a "defining day" in the fight
against terrorism with the arrests of Lumumba, the other Portland
suspects and alleged members of sleeper cells in cities like Lackawanna,
N.Y., Detroit and Seattle. Seven days later, the war on terror moved into
Iraq as the Senate authorized use of military force. <br><br>
The day they picked up Lumumba, I came home, and there was a call from
everybody on my voice mail. CNN, MSNBC, The New York Times, CBS. I got a
call from my son Jimmy, the attorney. He said, "They picked up
Lumumba." I said, "What in the world is going on?" He
said, "I don't know." <br><br>
*** Kent Ford knew about clashes with law enforcement, which defined his
youth and spurred his leadership in the Black Panther Party. He had his
first education in race and justice as a student in a diverse middle
school in California in the mid-1950s. <br><br>
"Somebody took a dollar from a kid. One morning, they had all the
blacks -- just the blacks -- come out and get in a lineup. . . . It
really showed me a lot about the two-tiered justice system."
<br><br>
In 1961, after he says he spent three days in jail for speeding, Ford
left California at age 18 and moved to Northeast Portland, where he's
lived since. He ran a candy business and sent money home to his younger
siblings. <br><br>
Disillusioned, he gave up a college scholarship to study to be a
Methodist minister. After the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr., he
began to question passive resistance and started reading Malcolm X.
"That was the day I really said, 'Naw, this ain't the way.' "
<br><br>
In 1969, Ford stopped at the scene of an arrest and was arrested himself
for charges including inciting to riot and disorderly conduct. Portland
police beat him while he was handcuffed. <br><br>
"That night, I made one of those what you call foxhole conversions.
I said, 'God, if they don't shoot me tonight, I'll never give you no more
rest.' I tried to stick to that over the years." <br><br>
A second arrest followed in 1969, stemming from clashes between African
Americans and the police during the Rose Festival, but those charges were
dropped. That same year, Ford established the Portland Black Panther
Party, which started a free breakfast program, a medical clinic, a dental
clinic and free sickle-cell anemia and blood pressure testing for the
African American community. <br><br>
He said he refused any plea deal on the first charges: "They offered
me nine months. I knew in my soul I wasn't going to do nine months for
stopping at a corner. If it had been nine days, I wouldn't have taken
that. Nine hours I still wouldn't have taken." Ford was acquitted at
trial. A year later, he won a $5,000 federal civil case for the beating.
<br><br>
*** <br><br>
Fall, winter 2002/2003: Ford visited his son regularly at the Multnomah
County Justice Center. The father believed that, as in his case, if
Lumumba stood his ground, justice would prevail. <br><br>
So, I go down to the courtroom and there he was. It was full. They let me
in because I was the dad. I didn't know about Ashcroft's press
conference. I was sitting next to a reporter who had the indictment, and
I said, "Can I look at it?" It was all circumstantial stuff.
<br><br>
He was at the Portland Justice Center. I visited on a regular basis. It
was mostly, you know, "How are they treating you?" Nobody can
see a member of their family locked up like that. He had never been in
trouble before. Maybe had a traffic ticket -- I said maybe. <br><br>
March 20, 2003: Maher "Mike" Hawash, a software engineer, was
taken from his Intel office, held as a material witness for five weeks
and eventually charged as the seventh member of the Portland terrorist
cell. He pleaded guilty to a lesser charge of conspiring to help al-Qaida
and the Taliban in Afghanistan. Sentenced to seven years, he became the
government's crucial material witness and testified against the others.
In a statement, he asked forgiveness for his actions. <br><br>
I heard on the noon report on Oregon Public Broadcasting that Hawash was
pleading guilty. Personally, I said, "That's him. Lumumba's still
going to trial." <br><br>
I knew in America you're supposed to get a trial when you're indicted. I
told Lumumba that. "Never plead guilty. Make them prove
everything." I thought he was determined to go to trial. <br><br>
Oct. 16, 2003: Lumumba pleaded guilty to conspiracy to levy war against
the United States and signed the plea agreement instead of going to trial
on a 15-count indictment. <br><br>
I went down for a hearing that was going to set a trial date. That's when
I became aware there was a plea deal. "What's with this? You go to
trial." I wasn't too happy with it. My idea was for him to walk away
from all this. They spooked him. And he was in his early 30s. Lumumba was
green and vulnerable. <br><br>
Fall 2003: Lumumba was sent to the Federal Correctional Institute in
Sheridan, awaiting transfer to Leavenworth in Kansas. <br><br>
One time when I went to visit him at Sheridan, he was saying he should
have held out for a better deal. And that's the extent he got into it.
That was the only time. You know, I don't want to second-guess him or
what he should have done. <br><br>
Oct. 3, 2005: Lawyer Ernest Warren Jr. submitted a motion for ineffective
assistance of counsel, petitioning for a reduced sentence. It is the only
redress permitted by Lumumba's plea bargain. U.S. District Court denied
it. <br><br>
Fall 2005: After two years at Leavenworth, Lumumba was transferred to the
United States Penitentiary, Victorville, Calif., where he remains.
<br><br>
September of last year was the first time I visited him. I'm still trying
to swallow all this, absorb all this. I write letters to him once in a
while. I send him books whenever I can. <br><br>
It was a good visit. A real good visit. Everybody goes through security,
from the kids to the mothers to the families. It's a real strange place.
Nothing green around there. <br><br>
It was one big room. They weren't shackled. They were all free and
well-groomed. The guards were pretty vigilant. I gave him a hug. You go
from 9 o'clock to 3 o'clock. We visited for the duration of that time
Saturday and Sunday. <br><br>
We talked about the grandkid, Ibrahim, the state of the family, how he
was coping. Then you're just stuck with, this is my kid. You never know
what God planned for you. I never expected to see -- or have to, after
all I've been through -- you don't want your kid to go through this.
<br><br>
Dec. 4, 2006: Lawyer Shaun McCrea appealed the District Court decision to
the 9th Circuit Court. He lost the argument. <br><br>
At the first hearing for Lumumba, Ibrahim was just a toddler. He slept
through the whole thing. And now he's 6. He's just a sweet, sweet boy. He
and my daughter-in-law are living with his grandmother. His grandmother
took him down to see Lumumba. He asks, "How come Baba has to stay in
that place?" <br><br>
People approach me. A lot of them knew Lumumba since he was little. And I
do a lot of speaking now, to high schools, on KBOO radio, to groups and
whoever will have me. When I speak, I say, "I am not going to try to
change your mind. I'll just tell you the facts. He went to China."
<br><br>
People wish me the best and ask me what they could do. The most peaceful
thing people told me was that they were praying. Here's what I tell them.
I say, "Drop him a line. Give a letter to him." I say, you
know, "They can't hold him much longer with so many people praying
for him. Something's gotta break." <br><br>
Epilogue: Patrice Lumumba Ford, 36, has 13 years left to serve. Kent Ford
bought an airline ticket to visit in late October but last week learned
his son would be transferred within the month to another federal
facility. The family has not yet been told where. <br><br>
Angie Chuang, a former staff writer at The Oregonian, is an assistant
professor at American University: chuang@american.edu <br><br>
<div align="center">©2007 The Oregonian<br><br>
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