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style="display:none;font-size:1px;color:#333333;line-height:1px;max-height:0px;max-width:0px;opacity:0;overflow:hidden;">Ecuador's
Trump-backed right-wing oligarch President Daniel Noboa tried to
rewrite the constitution to allow US military bases in the
country's territory. 61% of Ecuadorians voted against it.</div>
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<h1 class="post-title published title-X77sOw"
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href="https://substack.com/app-link/post?publication_id=457596&post_id=179217646&utm_source=post-email-title&utm_campaign=email-post-title&isFreemail=true&r=lvppb&token=eyJ1c2VyX2lkIjozNjc1MTU4MywicG9zdF9pZCI6MTc5MjE3NjQ2LCJpYXQiOjE3NjM0NzUyNTYsImV4cCI6MTc2NjA2NzI1NiwiaXNzIjoicHViLTQ1NzU5NiIsInN1YiI6InBvc3QtcmVhY3Rpb24ifQ.nUi1WfSlMjJ-oma3Cck2WjiiES19Cqq7DR1q7mj5gWY"
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moz-do-not-send="true">Big loss for US empire:
Ecuador votes to reject foreign military bases</a></h1>
<h3 class="subtitle subtitle-HEEcLo" dir="auto"
style="direction: auto;text-align: start;unicode-bidi: isolate;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: normal;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 4px 0 0;color: #777777;line-height: 24px;font-size: 18px;margin-top: 12px;">Ecuador's
Trump-backed right-wing oligarch President Daniel
Noboa tried to rewrite the constitution to allow
US military bases in the country's territory. 61%
of Ecuadorians voted against it.</h3>
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href="https://substack.com/@benjaminnorton" moz-do-not-send="true">Ben
Norton</a></div>
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datetime="2025-11-18T14:14:11.236Z">Nov 18, 2025</time></div>
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<td class="content" align="left"
width="1200" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/447cf68b-5bb3-4965-be65-15cc4d71e080?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
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alt="" width="550" height="309.375"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!QlVk!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F777d5555-330a-408a-a90b-ab1a582b7611_1280x720.jpeg"
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<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>The
Donald Trump administration is trying to expand
the presence of the US military across Latin
America, in an attempt to </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/79569bfc-6534-4502-a1f7-5213f28d01b5?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">forcibly impose
Washington\u2019s hegemony in the region</a><span>.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">The
people of Ecuador just delivered a major blow to
Trump\u2019s aggressive Latin America strategy.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">More
than three-fifths of Ecuadorians voted to reject a
change to their progressive constitution, which
would have allowed the Pentagon to establish US
military bases in their territory.</p>
<div
class="video-player-with-background is-static video-player-wrapper"
role="region" aria-label="Video player"
style="flex-grow: 1;font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin-top: 0.5em;"><a
class="video-player video-player-with-background"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/4f63ad5b-4775-4cb6-aa78-ff76db46aca4?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
style="position: relative;display: block;width: 100%;cursor: pointer;background-color: rgb(0,0,0);height: auto;border-radius: 8px;padding-bottom: 0"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="video-player-preview" width="550"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!_ryX!,w_1100,h_1100,c_pad,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/l_play_button_usfui2,w_144,e_colorize:0/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-video.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fvideo_upload%2Fpost%2F179217646%2Fa3a0d535-6ce6-48fa-8d62-97482838b418%2Ftranscoded-1763469691.png"
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moz-do-not-send="true"></a></div>
<h3 class="header-anchor-post"
style="position: relative;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: bold;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 1.16em;font-size: 1.375em;">Ecuador\u2019s
Trump-backed right-wing oligarch President Daniel
Noboa</h3>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Ecuador
is currently governed by a right-wing president,
Daniel Noboa, who is a key regional ally of Trump.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Noboa
is the son of Ecuador\u2019s richest billionaire
oligarch, Álvaro Noboa \u2014 who ran as a presidential
candidate in five different elections on a
hard-line right-wing platform, but lost every time
(in 1998, 2002, 2006, 2009, and 2013).</p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
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<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1191" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/d5897fc3-544a-4f87-b6e4-3847565bb452?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
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class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e16b1a34-f2e1-4803-8d47-f04dfb133154_1191x670.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":670,"width":1191,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":112289,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":false,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe16b1a34-f2e1-4803-8d47-f04dfb133154_1191x670.jpeg","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550"
height="309.4038623005877"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!TcMV!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe16b1a34-f2e1-4803-8d47-f04dfb133154_1191x670.jpeg"
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</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box;color: #777777;font-size: 14px;line-height: 20px;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -.15px;margin-top: 8px;width: 70%;padding-left: 15%;padding-right: 15%;text-align: center;">Ecuador\u2019s
President Daniel Noboa giving an award to his
oligarch father, Álvaro Noboa</figcaption></figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Daniel
Noboa\u2019s grandfather, Luis Noboa, was also the
richest man in Ecuador in the 20th century. The
family patriarch worked for the Standard Fruit
Company, now known as Dole, and established a
massive exporting dynasty, specializing in the
export of bananas.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>The
Noboa family is notorious for its corruption and
</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/8b02e352-bb55-4d0b-bbac-beb34e3a4097?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">close links to drug
trafficking and organized crime</a><span>.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Daniel
Noboa is the third member of the Noboa dynasty to
serve as president of Ecuador.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Noboa
is also a </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/af9031ce-4244-4b0d-80c3-b1a0cfb43c9b?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">dual citizen of the
United States</a><span> \u2014 and his Ecuadorian
critics say that is where his </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/081fb67c-0156-4edf-97c9-53645f5c5981?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">true loyalty</a><span>
lies.</span></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1295" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/1a94dae0-e414-44f1-9657-ab3d8cc9d743?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/718ae9ca-4beb-44b5-8a67-1ecfde29c942_1295x1207.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":1207,"width":1295,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1246579,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F718ae9ca-4beb-44b5-8a67-1ecfde29c942_1295x1207.png","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550"
height="512.6254826254826"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!ztCh!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F718ae9ca-4beb-44b5-8a67-1ecfde29c942_1295x1207.png"
style="border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box;color: #777777;font-size: 14px;line-height: 20px;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -.15px;margin-top: 8px;width: 70%;padding-left: 15%;padding-right: 15%;text-align: center;">Daniel
Noboa and his Instagram influencer wife,
Lavinia Valbonesi, with Donald Trump</figcaption></figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Noboa
was born in Miami, Florida, and he was educated
in the US. In fact, just two months after he was
inaugurated as president of Ecuador, Noboa
returned to Miami so his wife, an Instagram
influencer, could </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/917ec1a8-f2b3-4b0c-b311-038c08fb4b69?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">give birth to their child
on US soil</a><span>, guaranteeing him US
citizenship.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>As
president, Noboa has been widely accused of </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/e243b99a-2d55-42df-aef8-6a22cbff2ef9?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">dictatorial tendencies</a><span>.
He has publicly </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/130d6fbf-9522-4a48-8d7a-78d221be08b6?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">made fun of left-wing
political prisoners</a><span>, and threatened to
imprison more political rivals.</span></p>
<h3 class="header-anchor-post"
style="position: relative;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: bold;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 1.16em;font-size: 1.375em;">Ecuadorians
reject Daniel Noboa\u2019s attempt to change the
constitution</h3>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">One
of Noboa\u2019s key goals has been to change Ecuador\u2019s
constitution, which is one of the most progressive
in the world.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Ecuador\u2019s
constitution bans foreign countries from creating
military bases in its territory.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Noboa
held a referendum on 16 November to try to change
the constitution to permit the US to open military
bases in Ecuador.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>The
measure was rejected in a landslide, with 61% of
Ecuadorians voting against it, according to the
official </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/6a9736a6-c5b5-4801-a8b2-3b4f8a17205d?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">results from the National
Electoral Council (CNE)</a><span>.</span></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1335" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/2b30b512-c097-4303-9201-291b1618cf21?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/e7786031-0f33-4bb1-ba8c-8b9f1960fad5_1335x588.png","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":588,"width":1335,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":63153,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/png","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe7786031-0f33-4bb1-ba8c-8b9f1960fad5_1335x588.png","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550"
height="242.24719101123594"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-psH!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fe7786031-0f33-4bb1-ba8c-8b9f1960fad5_1335x588.png"
style="border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">In
the referendum, Noboa proposed four measures.
Voters rejected all of them.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">The
second measure sought to end public funding of
political parties in Ecuador\u2019s elections, which
would have given wealthy right-wing forces like
the oligarchic Noboa dynasty even more power. That
measure was rejected with 58% of the votes against
it.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Another
measure proposed a constituent assembly to rewrite
the entire constitution. That was rejected with
62% of the votes in opposition.</p>
<h3 class="header-anchor-post"
style="position: relative;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: bold;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 1.16em;font-size: 1.375em;">The
war on Ecuador\u2019s leftist former President Rafael
Correa</h3>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Ecuador\u2019s
current, progressive constitution was drafted
during the government of socialist former
President Rafael Correa, who served from 2007 to
2017.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">When
Correa campaigned for president in the 2006
election, a key part of his left-wing platform was
a call for a constituent assembly to write a new
constitution.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">A
new, progressive constitution was approved in a
2008 referendum, with 64% of the votes in support,
and just 28% against it.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>In
2009, </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/fb988a87-2a1b-4d16-963f-1a16afa4a7aa?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Correa kicked US troops
out of Ecuador</a><span>, and closed US military
bases in his country\u2019s territory.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Washington
supported a </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/234c0aec-53a9-4e78-aff7-994f707a680f?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">failed right-wing coup
attempt against Correa</a><span> in 2010.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">One
of Correa\u2019s right-wing opponents in the 2006,
2009, and 2013 elections \u2014 all of which he won by
a large margin \u2014 was Álvaro Noboa, Ecuador\u2019s
richest billionaire oligarch, and the father of
current President Daniel Noboa.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Correa,
who has a PhD in economics, opposed neoliberalism
and rejected Ecuador\u2019s history of taking on debt
from the US-dominated International Monetary Fund
(IMF) and World Bank.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Correa
significantly reduced poverty, inequality, and
violence. He declared a \u201cCitizens\u2019 Revolution\u201d,
based on what he called \u201c21st-century socialism\u201d.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">During
Correa\u2019s three terms, Ecuador formed closed ties
with China. It also promoted Latin American
integration, hosting the headquarters of UNASUR,
the Union of South American Nations.</p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1456" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/6adb0c7a-fc06-4b03-80d7-ca6deb9ef5e2?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/0a1b5fd6-cc1d-45c0-8aab-615f5f1fdaa7_5141x3427.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":971,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":1728514,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1b5fd6-cc1d-45c0-8aab-615f5f1fdaa7_5141x3427.jpeg","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550"
height="366.7925824175824"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!1nDm!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F0a1b5fd6-cc1d-45c0-8aab-615f5f1fdaa7_5141x3427.jpeg"
style="border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box;color: #777777;font-size: 14px;line-height: 20px;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -.15px;margin-top: 8px;width: 70%;padding-left: 15%;padding-right: 15%;text-align: center;">Rafael
Correa at a meeting with leaders of other
countries in the Bolivarian Alliance for the
Peoples of Our America (ALBA)</figcaption></figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Under
Correa, Ecuador joined the Bolivarian Alliance
for the Peoples of Our America (ALBA), which
promoted de-dollarization. The ALBA even created
a new currency for regional trade, to </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/78f7b7b6-469c-42ad-b991-075fcea43774?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">challenge the dominance
of the US dollar</a><span>, called the Sucre.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Today,
Correa is living in exile as a victim of
political persecution, because right-wing,
US-backed authorities in Ecuador formally
charged him with the \u201ccrime\u201d of so-called \u201c</span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/737948fd-ffb4-4848-9600-90acfacedec9?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">psychic influence</a><span>\u201d
over his left-wing followers.</span></p>
<h3 class="header-anchor-post"
style="position: relative;font-family: 'SF Pro Display',-apple-system-headline,system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,'Segoe UI',Roboto,Helvetica,Arial,sans-serif,'Apple Color Emoji','Segoe UI Emoji','Segoe UI Symbol';font-weight: bold;-webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased;-moz-osx-font-smoothing: antialiased;-webkit-appearance: optimizelegibility;-moz-appearance: optimizelegibility;appearance: optimizelegibility;margin: 1em 0 0.625em 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 1.16em;font-size: 1.375em;">The
Trump administration revives the colonial Monroe
Doctrine \u2014 and supports drug-trafficking oligarchs</h3>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">While
all US presidents have intervened in Latin America
and violated the sovereignty of countries in the
region, Donald Trump has made this a key priority
of his aggressive foreign policy.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>The
Trump administration has proudly sought to </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/40a668b2-b432-4f58-a8cf-d56cfcc26d9c?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">revive the 202-year
Monroe Doctrine</a><span>, which treats Latin
America as the colonial \u201cbackyard\u201d of the US
empire.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Trump
has </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/1ecf5c84-0257-4a3e-b644-b6f7b436ab0b?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">waged war on Venezuela</a><span>,
seeking to overthrow its President Nicolás
Maduro. The Trump administration also imposed
sanctions on Colombia\u2019s left-wing President
Gustavo Petro, and hit Nicaragua\u2019s revolutionary
Sandinista government with more unilateral
sanctions.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Washington
has pressured Latin American governments to allow
the US military to open bases in their territory.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>Argentina\u2019s
right-wing, self-declared \u201clibertarian\u201d
President Javier Milei \u2014 one of Trump\u2019s closest
allies in the region \u2014 has pushed through
executive orders that declare a constitutional
exception to </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/c112f575-299f-41c9-b60a-59d900cfb116?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">give the US military
access to Argentine territory</a><span>.</span></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1456" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/448f27e2-1e63-4efe-845f-807859b27098?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/b79ebe20-19ae-44db-9d86-bff3bf1bf86b_1920x1080.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":819,"width":1456,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":276393,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb79ebe20-19ae-44db-9d86-bff3bf1bf86b_1920x1080.jpeg","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550" height="309.375"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hY60!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fb79ebe20-19ae-44db-9d86-bff3bf1bf86b_1920x1080.jpeg"
style="border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box;color: #777777;font-size: 14px;line-height: 20px;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -.15px;margin-top: 8px;width: 70%;padding-left: 15%;padding-right: 15%;text-align: center;">Argentina\u2019s
right-wing libertarian President Javier Milei
and his corrupt sister and chief of staff,
Karina Milei, take orders from their boss,
Donald Trump</figcaption></figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">To
justify its neocolonial attacks on Latin America
and its meddling in the region\u2019s internal affairs,
the Trump administration has claimed that it is
supposedly fighting drug trafficking.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">However,
the US government is allied with some of the worst
drug traffickers in the region.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>One
of the most loyal US allies in Latin America is
Colombia\u2019s right-wing former President Álvaro
Uribe. US intelligence has admitted that he is
among </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/238d63a3-3cea-4790-8827-2fb3fc37c5b4?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">the most \u201cimportant
Colombian narco-traffickers\u201d</a><span>, but he
has never faced any consequences, because
Washington has always supported him.</span></p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;"><span>In
fact, Trump\u2019s Secretary of State and National
Security Advisor </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/40a668b2-b432-4f58-a8cf-d56cfcc26d9c?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Marco Rubio has publicly
defended Uribe</a><span>, amid widespread
accusations of corruption.</span></p>
<div class="captioned-image-container-static"
style="font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;margin: 32px auto;">
<figure style="width: 100%;margin: 0 auto;">
<table class="image-wrapper" width="100%"
border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
data-component-name="Image2ToDOMStatic"
style="mso-padding-alt: 1em 0 1.6em;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
<td class="content" align="left"
width="1024" style="text-align: center;"><a
class="image-link" target="_blank"
href="https://substack.com/redirect/157cf971-3e35-496c-a47e-c5f6904bc93a?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="position: relative;flex-direction: column;align-items: center;padding: 0;width: auto;height: auto;border: none;text-decoration: none;display: block;margin: 0;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
class="wide-image"
data-attrs="{"src":"https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/f832dd91-fc82-424b-9f38-2de6899b2015_1024x762.jpeg","srcNoWatermark":null,"fullscreen":null,"imageSize":null,"height":762,"width":1024,"resizeWidth":null,"bytes":85543,"alt":null,"title":null,"type":"image/jpeg","href":null,"belowTheFold":true,"topImage":false,"internalRedirect":"https://www.geopoliticaleconomy.report/i/179217646?img=https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff832dd91-fc82-424b-9f38-2de6899b2015_1024x762.jpeg","isProcessing":false,"align":null,"offset":false}"
alt="" width="550"
height="409.27734375"
src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!HVv2!,w_1100,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ff832dd91-fc82-424b-9f38-2de6899b2015_1024x762.jpeg"
style="border: none !important;vertical-align: middle;display: block;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;height: auto;margin-bottom: 0;width: auto !important;max-width: 100% !important;margin: 0 auto;"
moz-do-not-send="true"></a></td>
<td style="text-align: center;"></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<figcaption class="image-caption"
style="box-sizing: content-box;color: #777777;font-size: 14px;line-height: 20px;font-weight: 400;letter-spacing: -.15px;margin-top: 8px;width: 70%;padding-left: 15%;padding-right: 15%;text-align: center;">Marco
Rubio with Colombia\u2019s right-wing
drug-trafficker Álvaro Uribe in 2014</figcaption></figure>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;">Ecuador
is an even clearer example of the US government\u2019s
extreme double standards on drug trafficking.</p>
<p
style="margin: 0 0 20px 0;color: rgb(54,55,55);line-height: 26px;font-size: 16px;margin-bottom: 0;"><span>The
Noboa dynasty owns private ports in Ecuador, and
police documents show that Noboa family
companies have used these to </span><a
href="https://substack.com/redirect/8b02e352-bb55-4d0b-bbac-beb34e3a4097?j=eyJ1IjoibHZwcGIifQ.9RIwWbE6EVIB7Jy8lfazxZKfps8R18neRGMKwOiqnRM"
rel=""
style="color: rgb(54,55,55);text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">smuggle cocaine in banana
crates</a><span>.</span></p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="container-border"
style="margin: 32px 0 0;width: 100%;box-sizing: border-box;border-top: 1px solid #e1e1e1;font-size: 16px;line-height: 26px;"></div>
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<tr height="16">
<td height="16"
style="font-size:0px;line-height:0;"> </td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>
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border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
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<tr>
<td>
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<tbody>
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