<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
</head>
<body
style="height: 100%;margin: 0;padding: 0;width: 100%;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-color: #FAFAFA;">
<div class="moz-forward-container">
<center>
<table id="bodyTable"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;height: 100%;margin: 0;padding: 0;width: 100%;background-color: #FAFAFA;"
width="100%" height="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0" align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td id="bodyCell"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;height: 100%;margin: 0;padding: 10px;width: 100%;border-top: 0;"
valign="top" align="center">
<table class="templateContainer"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;border: 0;max-width: 600px !important;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td id="templatePreheader"
style="background: #FAFAFA none no-repeat center/cover;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-color: #FAFAFA;background-image: none;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: center;background-size: cover;border-top: 0;border-bottom: 0;padding-top: 9px;padding-bottom: 9px;"
valign="top">
<table class="mcnTextBlock"
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody class="mcnTextBlockOuter">
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextBlockInner"
style="padding-top: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top">
<table
style="max-width: 100%;min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
class="mcnTextContentContainer"
width="100%" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0"
align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextContent"
style="padding: 0px 18px 9px;text-align: center;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break: break-word;color: #656565;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 12px;line-height: 150%;"
valign="top"><span
style="font-family:helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,verdana,sans-serif"><a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=268795e7bb&e=d206d0a40d"
target="_blank"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #656565;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><span
style="color:#ba2025">View
this email in your browser</span></a></span>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]--> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="templateHeader"
style="background: #FFFFFF none no-repeat center/cover;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-color: #FFFFFF;background-image: none;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: center;background-size: cover;border-top: 0;border-bottom: 0;padding-top: 9px;padding-bottom: 0;"
valign="top">
<table class="mcnTextBlock"
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody class="mcnTextBlockOuter">
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextBlockInner"
style="padding-top: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top">
<!--[if mso]>
<table align="left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100%;">
<tr>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td valign="top" width="NaN" style="width:NaNpx;">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="max-width: 100%;min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
class="mcnTextContentContainer"
width="100%" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0"
align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextContent"
style="padding-top: 0;padding-right: 18px;padding-bottom: 9px;padding-left: 18px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break: break-word;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
valign="top"> <strong><span
style="font-size:20px"><span
style="color:#ba2025"><span
style="font-family:lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">Hundreds
of Millions Are Dying of
Hunger: The
Twenty-Second Newsletter
(2025)</span></span></span></strong>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]--> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="templateBody"
style="background: #FFFFFF none no-repeat center/cover;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-color: #FFFFFF;background-image: none;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: center;background-size: cover;border-top: 0;border-bottom: 2px solid #EAEAEA;padding-top: 0;padding-bottom: 9px;"
valign="top">
<table class="mcnTextBlock"
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody class="mcnTextBlockOuter">
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextBlockInner"
style="padding-top: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top">
<!--[if mso]>
<table align="left" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" width="100%" style="width:100%;">
<tr>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td valign="top" width="NaN" style="width:NaNpx;">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="max-width: 100%;min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
class="mcnTextContentContainer"
width="100%" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0"
align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="mcnTextContent"
style="padding: 0px 18px 9px;font-family: "Lato", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;word-break: break-word;color: #202020;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
valign="top"> <br>
<span
style="font-family:lato,helvetica neue,helvetica,arial,sans-serif">
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123429"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123429"
class="wp-image-123429 size-large img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Maksud-Mirmuhamedov-Tajikistan-Hearth-2020-1024x706.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Maksud-Mirmuhamedov-Tajikistan-Hearth-2020-1024x706.jpg 1024w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Maksud-Mirmuhamedov-Tajikistan-Hearth-2020-300x207.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Maksud-Mirmuhamedov-Tajikistan-Hearth-2020-768x530.jpg 768w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Maksud-Mirmuhamedov-Tajikistan-Hearth-2020.jpg 1160w"
sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="1024" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123429" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Maksud
Mirmuhamedov
(Tajikistan), <i>Hearth</i>,
2020.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Dear
friends,</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Greetings
from the desk of <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=749302bf45&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">Tricontinental:
Institute for Social
Research</a>.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">I
have written this newsletter
before. In fact, I could
write this newsletter every
year when a new <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=5ab7909994&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><i>Global
Report on Food Crises</i></a>
is published. The report
rests on four points:</p>
<ol>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">The number
of people who are hungry
is greater now than last
year.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">The amount
of food produced this
year is greater than
that produced last year.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">There is
enough food to feed the
total world population,
and more.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">How do we
explain why people are
hungry?</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123419"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123419"
class="wp-image-123419 size-full img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sao-Sreymao-Cambodia-Left-Over-2017.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sao-Sreymao-Cambodia-Left-Over-2017.jpg 990w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sao-Sreymao-Cambodia-Left-Over-2017-300x212.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sao-Sreymao-Cambodia-Left-Over-2017-768x543.jpg 768w"
sizes="(max-width: 990px) 100vw, 990px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="990" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123419" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Sao
Sreymao (Cambodia), <i>Left
Over</i>, 2017.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Let\u2019s
add in the data.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Point
no. 1:</b> 733 million
people faced chronic hunger
in 2023, according to <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=59434460a6&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">studies</a>
from the Food and
Agriculture Organisation
(FAO), World Food Programme,
World Health Organisation,
International Fund for
Agricultural Development,
and United Nations
Children\u2019s Fund.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Point
no. 2:</b> The world\u2019s
farmers and agribusinesses <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=d3143656de&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">produced</a>
11 billion metric tonnes of
food (including meat, fish,
and 9.6 billion metric
tonnes of primary crops \u2013
such as maize, rice, and
wheat) in 2022, as the FAO
reports.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Point
no. 3 </b>is made clear
by a<b> </b>simple
calculation with one
premise.</p>
<blockquote
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Premise:</b>
A person eats one tonne or
1,000 kilograms of food
per year (the FAO <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=78d243eb41&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">standard</a>
for global average food
consumption is 2,800
kilocalories per person
per day).</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Calculation:</b>
If one tonne of food is
needed for one person, and
there are eleven billion
tonnes of food produced,
then there is enough food
for eleven billion people.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Conclusion:</b>
There are currently eight
billion people on the
planet. Therefore, there
is enough food for all the
people on the planet, with
enough surplus to feed an
additional three billion.</p>
</blockquote>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123369"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123369"
class="wp-image-123369 size-large img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Latif-Eshraq-Afghanistan-Farkhunda-2017_2-1024x666.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Latif-Eshraq-Afghanistan-Farkhunda-2017_2-1024x666.jpg 1024w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Latif-Eshraq-Afghanistan-Farkhunda-2017_2-300x195.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Latif-Eshraq-Afghanistan-Farkhunda-2017_2-768x499.jpg 768w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Latif-Eshraq-Afghanistan-Farkhunda-2017_2.jpg 1200w"
sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="1024" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123369" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Latif
Eshraq (Afghanistan),
<i>Farkhunda</i>,
2017.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"><b>Point
no. 4:</b> How do we
explain why people are
hungry?</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">There
are many reasons for the
acuteness of hunger, but
none of them can be
attributed to a lack of food
due to population growth, as
Malthusians, who believe
that population growth
outstrips food production,
allege.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">There
are at least three reasons
why near famine persist in
many parts of the world.</p>
<ol>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">First, wars
destroy agricultural and
food distribution
systems. This is the
most obvious creator of
hunger. This is the <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=25699e903e&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">reason</a>
why there is famine in
Sudan, a country that
has the <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=c3cc18e7be&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">largest</a>
land area for farming in
all of Africa and \u2013 if
there were no war \u2013
could become the
breadbasket of Africa.
Despite the war, Sudan
is the world\u2019s <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=3370fe0282&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">largest</a>
exporter of oily seeds
(groundnuts, safflower,
sesame, soybean, and
sunflower). Around 80%
of the world\u2019s gum
Arabic is produced in
Sudan\u2019s countryside. But
most fields cannot be
tended, and many of the
farmers have been forced
off the land or forced
to pick up a gun because
of war.</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123439"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123439"
class="wp-image-123439 size-full img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/KCS-Paniker-India-Words-and-Symbols-1968.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/KCS-Paniker-India-Words-and-Symbols-1968.jpg 750w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/KCS-Paniker-India-Words-and-Symbols-1968-300x232.jpg 300w"
sizes="(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="750" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123439" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>K.
C. S. Paniker (India),
<i>Words and Symbols</i>,
1968.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<ol start="2">
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Second, an
ugly old habit of <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=e39d11aeff&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">waste</a>
remains with us.
One-fifth of all our
food is lost or wasted
(the equivalent of one
billion meals a day),
two-thirds of all
consumption-level waste
takes place in the
richer countries, and
60% of global food waste
happens at the household
level. In the richer
countries, most food
waste happens at the
retail and consumer
stages largely because
of the high level of
processing and packaging
as well as plate waste
in households and
restaurants. In the
poorer countries, most
food waste takes place
at the point of
production (due to bad
weather, pests, and
disease) and in storage
(due to poor facilities
with inadequate
refrigeration and
inefficient
transportation systems).</p>
</li>
</ol>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123389"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123389"
class="wp-image-123389 size-large img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Alioune-Diagne-Senegal-Enfants-daujourdhui-2021_2-1024x753.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Alioune-Diagne-Senegal-Enfants-daujourdhui-2021_2-1024x753.jpg 1024w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Alioune-Diagne-Senegal-Enfants-daujourdhui-2021_2-300x221.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Alioune-Diagne-Senegal-Enfants-daujourdhui-2021_2-768x564.jpg 768w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Alioune-Diagne-Senegal-Enfants-daujourdhui-2021_2.jpg 1200w"
sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="1024" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123389" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Alioune
Diagne (Senegal), XALÉ
TEY \u2013 <em>Enfants
d\u2019aujourd\u2019hui</em>,
2020.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<ol start="3">
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Third, the
main reason why people
do not eat is that they
do not have the money to
eat. Inequality, in
other words, is the
engine of hunger. Let us
once more list the
facts:</p>
<ul>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Over
700 million people
in the world <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=a0aa26cf7d&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">live</a> on less than $2.15 per day and cannot
afford to buy food.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">3.4
billion people <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=dc6cc32742&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">live</a> on less than $5.50 per day, which makes
it unlikely that
they can afford to
eat.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">In
2023, the world\u2019s <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=34e45da36f&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">total wealth</a> was approximately $432 trillion.
Of that, the top 1%
of the global adult
population
collectively owned
47.5% of the world\u2019s
total wealth,
equivalent to $213.8
trillion (an average
of $2.7 million per
person). The bottom
50%, or 4 billion
people, owned less
than 1% of global
wealth or $4.5
trillion ($1,125 per
person). The yawning
gap of wealth
inequality continues
to increase every
year.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Those
with lower incomes
simply cannot afford
to eat because the
inflation of food
and fuel prices
consume their
budgets.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Hunger
rates among women
are <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=a68b77d1cd&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">higher</a> than among men because when there is
less food in a
household, women eat
less. In
women-headed
households, hunger
rates are <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=fa1686e2a7&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">higher</a>.</p>
</li>
<li
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">While
indigenous peoples <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=1e6e8a247a&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">constitute</a> less than 5% of the world\u2019s
population, they
represent 15% of the
extreme poor and
suffer higher rates
of hunger than other
communities.</p>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
</ol>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">As
the FAO <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=5a0b2216a0&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">argued</a>
in 2021, \u2018Poverty remains
the main cause of food
insecurity worldwide, as
people lack the resources to
access adequate food, even
when it is available\u2019.</p>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123379"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123379"
class="wp-image-123379 size-large img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Aubrey-Williams-Guyana-Hymn-to-the-Sun-V-Olmec-Maya-and-Now-1984_2-1024x695.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Aubrey-Williams-Guyana-Hymn-to-the-Sun-V-Olmec-Maya-and-Now-1984_2-1024x695.jpg 1024w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Aubrey-Williams-Guyana-Hymn-to-the-Sun-V-Olmec-Maya-and-Now-1984_2-300x204.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Aubrey-Williams-Guyana-Hymn-to-the-Sun-V-Olmec-Maya-and-Now-1984_2-768x522.jpg 768w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Aubrey-Williams-Guyana-Hymn-to-the-Sun-V-Olmec-Maya-and-Now-1984_2.jpg 1200w"
sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="1024" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123379" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Aubrey
Williams (Guyana), <i>Hymn
to the Sun V
(Olmec-Maya and Now)</i>,
1984.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">A
newsletter like this,
resting on statistics,
cannot explain the damage
that poverty does to the
human spirit. The sullenness
of poverty produces a kind
of fatalism which makes it
difficult for the
impoverished person to
explain their situation.
Cold statistics alone do not
explain to the impoverished
the reality of their
circumstances, which they
already know very well.
Sometimes, it is poetry that
is best able to articulate
the capitalist structure of
poverty and the impact it
has on the human spirit.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Nicolás
Guillén (1902\u20131989) was one
of the greatest Cuban poets
both before and after the
revolution. In 1931, he
published the poem \u2018Caña\u2019
(Sugarcane) in his
collection <i>Sóngoro
Cosongo</i>, a title based
on the sound of the
Afro-Cuban drums:</p>
<table
class="single-post--content--poem-translation"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">El
negro<br>
junto al cañaveral.
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">El
yanqui<br>
sobre el cañaveral.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">La
tierra<br>
bajo el cañaveral.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">¡Sangre<br>
que se nos va!</p>
</td>
<td
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">The
Black man<br>
beside the canefield.
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">The
Yankee<br>
atop the canefield.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">The
land<br>
beneath the
canefield.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Blood<br>
that slips away from
us!</p>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;"
align="left">Isn\u2019t that the
truth?</p>
<div
class="single-post--content--media-block single-post--content--image"
style="text-align:center; margin:3em 0;">
<div id="attachment_123359"
class="wp-caption alignnone"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async"
aria-describedby="caption-attachment-123359"
class="wp-image-123359 size-large img-responsive mcRssImage"
src="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sai%CC%88dou-Dicko-Burkina-Faso-La-branche-de-la-liberte%CC%81-2018_2-1024x683.jpg"
alt=""
srcset="https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sai\u0308dou-Dicko-Burkina-Faso-La-branche-de-la-liberte\u0301-2018_2-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sai\u0308dou-Dicko-Burkina-Faso-La-branche-de-la-liberte\u0301-2018_2-300x200.jpg 300w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sai\u0308dou-Dicko-Burkina-Faso-La-branche-de-la-liberte\u0301-2018_2-768x512.jpg 768w, https://thetricontinental.org/wp-content/uploads/2025/05/Sai\u0308dou-Dicko-Burkina-Faso-La-branche-de-la-liberte\u0301-2018_2.jpg 1200w"
sizes="(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px"
style="max-width: 100%;width: 100%;padding-bottom: 0;display: inline;vertical-align: bottom;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
moz-do-not-send="true"
width="1024" border="0">
<p
id="caption-attachment-123359" class="wp-caption-text"
style="text-align: center;margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;"><small>Sai\u0308dou
Dicko (Burkina Faso),
<i>La branche de la
liberte\u0301</i> (The
Branch of Liberty),
2018.</small></p>
</div>
</div>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">If
you want to end hunger, you
must end poverty. In 2021,
the Chinese people <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=02728fc798&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">ended</a>
absolute poverty in their
country. By November 2025,
the people of Kerala, India,
will have <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=0b45243a01&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">ended</a>
extreme poverty \u2013 one year
ahead of their target date.
Vietnam is on the road to
eliminating absolute
poverty. This was also the
ambition of Burkina Faso
under Thomas Sankara
(1949\u20131987) and has been
reborn under the country\u2019s
new leader, Captain Ibrahim
Traoré. Not through charity
or foreign aid, but through
self-reliance. At the
National Conference for the
Committees for the Defence
of the Revolution in
Ouagadougou on 4 April 1986,
Sankara declared, \u2018We must
succeed in producing more \u2013
producing more, because it\u2019s
natural that he who feeds
you, also imposes his will\u2019.
In 2023, Traoré raised
Sankara\u2019s spirit and <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=20c8da711a&e=d206d0a40d"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #007C89;font-weight: normal;text-decoration: underline;"
moz-do-not-send="true">said</a>,
\u2018Our predecessors taught us
one thing: a slave who
cannot assume his own revolt
does not deserve to be
pitied. We do not feel sorry
for ourselves, we do not ask
anyone to feel sorry for us.
The people of Burkina Faso
have decided to fight, to
fight against terrorism, in
order to relaunch their
development\u2019. The people of
Burkina Faso, today, he
added, are asking the
following questions:</p>
<blockquote
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;">
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">We
do not understand how
Africa, with so much
wealth on our soil, with
generous nature, water,
sunshine in abundance \u2013
how Africa is today the
poorest continent. Africa
is a hungry continent. And
how come there are heads
of state all over the
world begging? These are
the questions we are
asking ourselves, and we
have no answers so far.</p>
</blockquote>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">But
they will soon have answers,
and when they do, they will
ask new questions, and then
history will move forward.</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Warmly,</p>
<p
style="margin: 10px 0;padding: 0;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;color: #202020;font-family: Helvetica;font-size: 16px;line-height: 150%;text-align: left;">Vijay</p>
</span> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]--> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td id="templateFooter"
style="background: #FAFAFA none no-repeat center/cover;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;background-color: #FAFAFA;background-image: none;background-repeat: no-repeat;background-position: center;background-size: cover;border-top: 0;border-bottom: 0;padding-top: 9px;padding-bottom: 9px;"
valign="top">
<table class="mcnFollowBlock"
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"
border="0">
<tbody class="mcnFollowBlockOuter">
<tr>
<td
style="padding: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowBlockInner" valign="top"
align="center">
<table class="mcnFollowContentContainer"
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-left: 9px;padding-right: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
align="center">
<table
style="min-width: 100%;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowContent"
width="100%" cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 9px;padding-right: 9px;padding-left: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top"
align="center">
<table
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
cellspacing="0"
cellpadding="0"
border="0"
align="center">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top"
align="center">
<!--[if mso]>
<table align="center" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0">
<tr>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="display: inline;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowContentItemContainer" valign="top">
<table
class="mcnFollowContentItem"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="middle" align="left">
<table
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
width=""
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
class="mcnFollowIconContent"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="24"
valign="middle" align="center"> <a href="www.eltricontinental.org"
target="_blank"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
src="https://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/icons/social-block-v2/dark-link-48.png"
alt="Website"
style="display: block;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
class=""
moz-do-not-send="true" width="24" height="24"></a> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="display: inline;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowContentItemContainer" valign="top">
<table
class="mcnFollowContentItem"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="middle" align="left">
<table
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
width=""
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
class="mcnFollowIconContent"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="24"
valign="middle" align="center"> <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=6e33a12c70&e=d206d0a40d"
target="_blank"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
src="https://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/icons/social-block-v2/dark-facebook-48.png"
alt="Facebook"
style="display: block;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
class=""
moz-do-not-send="true" width="24" height="24"></a> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="display: inline;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowContentItemContainer" valign="top">
<table
class="mcnFollowContentItem"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="middle" align="left">
<table
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
width=""
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
class="mcnFollowIconContent"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="24"
valign="middle" align="center"> <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=ea30811da4&e=d206d0a40d"
target="_blank"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
src="https://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/icons/social-block-v2/dark-twitter-48.png"
alt="Twitter"
style="display: block;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
class=""
moz-do-not-send="true" width="24" height="24"></a> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
<td align="center" valign="top">
<![endif]-->
<table
style="display: inline;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-right: 0;padding-bottom: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
class="mcnFollowContentItemContainer" valign="top">
<table
class="mcnFollowContentItem"
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%"
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 5px;padding-right: 10px;padding-bottom: 5px;padding-left: 9px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="middle" align="left">
<table
style="border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;float: left;"
width=""
cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0" align="left">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
class="mcnFollowIconContent"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="24"
valign="middle" align="center"> <a
href="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/click?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=6642b58f16&e=d206d0a40d"
target="_blank"
style="mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
moz-do-not-send="true"><img
src="https://cdn-images.mailchimp.com/icons/social-block-v2/dark-instagram-48.png"
alt="Instagram"
style="display: block;border: 0;height: auto;outline: none;text-decoration: none;-ms-interpolation-mode: bicubic;"
class=""
moz-do-not-send="true" width="24" height="24"></a> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if mso]>
</td>
<![endif]-->
<!--[if mso]>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]--> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<!--[if (gte mso 9)|(IE)]>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<![endif]-->
<!-- // END TEMPLATE --> </td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</center>
<center> <br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
<table id="canspamBarWrapper"
style="background-color: #FFFFFF;border-top: 1px solid #E5E5E5;border-collapse: collapse;mso-table-lspace: 0pt;mso-table-rspace: 0pt;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
width="100%" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" border="0">
<tbody>
<tr>
<td
style="padding-top: 20px;padding-bottom: 20px;mso-line-height-rule: exactly;-ms-text-size-adjust: 100%;-webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%;"
valign="top" align="center"><br>
</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<style type="text/css"></style> </center>
<div style="display:none;"><img
src="https://thetricontinental.us11.list-manage.com/track/open.php?u=6a79324d3b4acfde1e7e546c6&id=cb8e8c7931&e=d206d0a40d"
style="display:none;" alt="" moz-do-not-send="true" width="1"
height="1"></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>