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href="https://www.middleeasteye.net/opinion/jerusalem-forest-fire-kindle-Palestinian-dreams-return">middleeasteye.net</a>
        <h1 class="reader-title">'Nature has spoken': A forest fire to
          kindle Palestinian dreams of return</h1>
        <div class="credits reader-credits">Johnny Mansour - August 28,
          2021<br>
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              <p>During the second week of August, Some 20,000 dunams of
                land were engulfed by fires across Jerusalem’s
                mountains. </p>
              <p>It was a natural disaster of the first degree. However,
                no one could have expected the sight that unfolded after
                the fires were extinguished. Or rather, no one had
                imagined that the fires would expose what followed. </p>
              <p>After the flames were put out, the resulting landscape
                was terrible for the human eye in general, and for the
                Palestinian eye in particular. For the fires had
                revealed remains of ancient Palestinian villages and
                agricultural terraces; terraces built by their long-dead
                ancestors to enable them to cultivate crops and plant
                olive trees and vines on the slopes of the mountains. </p>
              <blockquote>
                <p>Photographs taken before the Nakba of 1948 show that
                  olive trees and grapevines were the two most common
                  plants in these areas</p>
              </blockquote>
              <p>Across these mountains, which make up the natural
                environment on the western side of the city of
                Jerusalem, ran the Jaffa-Jerusalem road, the road that
                linked Jaffa’s historical port with the Holy City of
                Jerusalem. This route across the mountains was used by
                pilgrims from Europe and North Africa to visit Christian
                holy sites. They had no choice but to use the
                Jaffa-Jerusalem road, through valleys and ravines, and
                across the mountaintops. Over the centuries, it would
                have been touched by the feet of hundreds of thousands
                of pilgrims, soldiers, invaders, and tourists. </p>
              <p>The agricultural terraces - or platforms - that
                Palestinian farmers constructed have an advantage: their
                durability. The terraces are up to 600 years old,
                according to estimates by archaeologists. But I believe
                they are <a
                  href="https://www.wmf.org/project/ancient-irrigated-terraces-battir"
                  target="_blank">even older than that</a>.</p>
              <h3>Working with nature</h3>
              <p>The Palestinian farmer’s hard work is visibly clear on
                the surface of the earth. It has been proven through
                many studies that Palestinian farmers have always
                invested in the land regardless of its form; including
                mountainous land, which is very difficult to cultivate. </p>
              <p>Photographs taken before the Nakba (Catastrophe) of
                1948, when Palestinians were evicted by Jewish militia,
                and even dating back to the second half of the 19th
                century, show that olive trees and grapevines were the
                two most common plants in these areas. </p>
              <figure role="group">
                <div>
                  <p><img
                      src="https://www.middleeasteye.net/sites/default/files/000_8XL73U.jpg"
                      alt="Olive trees" width="439" height="297"></p>
                  <figcaption>Israeli soldiers stand before Palestinians
                    trying to plant olive saplings on Palestinian land
                    near Salfit in the occupied West Bank, 22 December
                    2020 (AFP)</figcaption></div>
              </figure>
              <p>These plants maintain soil moisture and provide a
                livelihood for local people. The olive trees, in
                particular, help prevent soil erosion. Olive trees and
                grapevines can also create a natural barrier to fire
                because they are leafy plants that retain humidity and
                need little water. In the south of France, some forest
                roads are lined with vineyards to act as fire barriers.
                The Palestinian farmers who planted them knew how to
                work with nature, how to treat it with sensitivity and
                respect. It was a relationship formed over the
                centuries.</p>
              <p>But what did the Zionist occupation do? After the Nakba
                and the forced expulsion of large parts of the
                population - including the ethnic cleansing of every
                village, town, and city on the route of
                the Jaffa-Jerusalem road - Zionists began planting large
                areas of these mountains with non-native and highly
                flammable European pine trees to cover and erase what
                the hands of Palestinian farmers had created.</p>
              <div>
                <p><a
href="https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-palestine-settlers-uproot-olive-trees-west-bank"
                    target="_blank"><img
src="https://www.middleeasteye.net/sites/default/files/styles/read_more/public/images-story/Palestinians%20harvest%20olives%20from%20their%20lands%20which%20currently%20lie%20on%20the%20Israeli%20side%20of%20the%20controversial%20separation%20barrier%20%28background%29%20near%20the%20West%20Bank%20village%20of%20Dura%20on%20October%2030%2C%202019%2C%20AFP_0.jpg?itok=eq-aLA1l"
                      alt="" width="400" height="250"></a></p>
                <p>Israeli bulldozers and settlers uproot Palestinian
                  olive trees in West Bank</p>
              </div>
              <p>In Jerusalem’s mountainous region, in particular, all
                that is Palestinian - with its 10,000 years of history -
                has been erased in favour of everything that suggests
                the place’s Zionism and Jewishness. As a result of the
                European colonial mentality, there was a transfer of the
                European “place” to Palestine, so that the settlers
                would be reminded of what they had left behind.</p>
              <p>The process of concealment was aimed at denying the
                existence of Palestinian villages. And the process of
                obliterating their features aimed to eliminate their
                existence from history.</p>
              <p>Note that residents of the villages that shaped human
                life in the mountains of Jerusalem, and who were
                expelled by the Israeli army, live in camps and
                communities close to Jerusalem itself, including the
                Qalandiya and Shu’fat refugee camps and others.</p>
              <p>Such pine forests are found in other locations,
                concealing Palestinian villages and farms that were
                demolished by Israel in 1948. International Israeli and
                Zionist institutions also planted European pine trees on
                the lands of the village of Maaloul, near Nazareth,
                Sohmata village near the Palestine-Lebanon border, and
                the villages of Faridiya, Kafr Anan, and al-Samoui on
                the Akka-Safad road, among others. They are now hidden
                and cannot be seen by the naked eye. </p>
              <h3>Huge significance</h3>
              <p>The villages were not even spared their names. For
                example, the village of Suba has become “Tsuba,” while
                Beit Mahsir became “Beit Meir”, Kasla became “Ksalon”,
                “Shoresh” instead of Saris, etc. </p>
              <p>But if Palestinians have not yet been able to resolve
                their confrontation with the occupier, then nature has
                now spoken in the way it deems appropriate. The fires
                revealed a glaring aspect of the well-planned and
                engineered components of the Zionist project.</p>
              <blockquote>
                <p>The terraces assert that the Palestinian cause is not
                  over, that the land is awaiting the return of its
                  children</p>
              </blockquote>
              <p>To Palestinians, the discovery of the terraces on the
                mountains affirms their narrative that there was life on
                this land, that the Palestinian himself was the most
                active in this life, and that the Israeli expelled him
                so that he could take his place.</p>
              <p>In this regard alone, the terraces carry huge
                significance. They assert that the cause is not over,
                that the land is awaiting the return of its children;
                people who will know how to treat it in the right way. </p>
              <p><i>The views expressed in this article belong to the
                  author and do not necessarily reflect the editorial
                  policy of Middle East Eye.</i></p>
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