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href="http://www.addameer.org/news/international-human-rights-day-restoring-faith-universal-declaration-human-rights">http://www.addameer.org/news/international-human-rights-day-restoring-faith-universal-declaration-human-rights</a></font>
        <h1 class="reader-title">International Human Rights Day -
          Restoring Faith in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights</h1>
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          <div class="reader-estimated-time" dir="ltr">December 10, 2020<br>
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              <p><span><span>The International Human Rights Day
                    commemorates the day the United Nations General
                    Assembly adopted the Universal Declaration of Human
                    Rights (UDHR) on 10 December 1948. It is a reminder
                    that this international document, recognized as the
                    cornerstone of human rights, guarantees the
                    universality of human rights to which every human
                    being is entitled to, notwithstanding race, color,
                    religion, sex, political opinion, or any other
                    indifferences.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>On this day, Addameer Prisoner Support and
                    Human Rights Association urges the international
                    community to re-establish its legal and moral
                    commitment to reclaim and foster the protection of
                    Palestinian human rights within the larger framework
                    of the right to self-determination. Addameer further
                    urges the international community to take a stand
                    and end the impunity of the Israeli occupation's
                    grave breaches of human rights and injustices
                    practiced against the Palestinian people. </span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>Article 3:</strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong><em>"Right to life, liberty, and
                        security of person."</em></strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>The prolonged Israeli occupation as an
                    apartheid regime is a menace to the Palestinian
                    people's integral rights to life, dignity, and
                    security of person protected under Article 3 of the
                    UDHR. This apartheid apparatus continues to commit
                    crimes that deeply shock humanity's consciousness
                    for the sole purpose of delegitimizing, oppressing,
                    gaining, and maintaining control over Palestinians.
                    Not even a week ago, on 4 December 2020, the Israeli
                    Occupation Forces <a
href="https://www.dci-palestine.org/israeli_forces_shoot_and_kill_15_year_old_palestinian_boy">killed
                      a 15-year-old Palestinian boy</a> after shooting
                    him with live ammunition in the abdomen during a
                    protest in Al-Mughayyir village in the West Bank.
                    According to reports, the boy was only observing the
                    protest and was not taking part in it.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>Article 9:</strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong><em>"No one shall be subjected to
                        arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile."</em></strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>Addameer fully acknowledges the unified
                    cause of all Palestinian political prisoners as they
                    carry the same burden; suffering through the same
                    horrendous conditions and fighting a joint battle
                    for dignity and liberty. Israeli military orders
                    have legitimized repression with legal language that
                    intervenes in many aspects of Palestinians' daily
                    lives. Military orders have criminalized many forms
                    of political and cultural expression, association,
                    movement, and nonviolent protest, even certain
                    traffic offenses and any other acts that might be
                    considered opposing the occupation and its policies.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>Consequently, no one is exempt from the
                    Israeli occupation's various forms of arbitrary
                    arrest and detention, including women, children, the
                    elderly, and human rights defenders. As of October
                    2020, the number of Palestinian prisoners and
                    detainees in Israeli prisons reached nearly 4,500
                    prisoners, including 40 female prisoners, while the
                    number of child detainees reached 170 child
                    prisoners. Moreover, in October 2020, the Israeli
                    occupation issued 68 administrative detention
                    orders, including 38 new orders and 30 renewed
                    orders.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>The administrative detention policy is a
                    stark violation of the UDHR, which prohibits the
                    arbitrary arrest, detention, or exile of any person
                    under Article 9. Israel continues to place
                    Palestinians under administrative detention based on
                    secret material that cannot be disclosed, denying
                    them the right to know the particulars of the
                    charges against them, violating the basic guarantees
                    of a fair trial. On the other hand, administrative
                    detention hinders the Palestinian detainees' right
                    to present and build a fair defense guaranteed under
                    Article 10 of the UDHR. Neither the detainees nor
                    their lawyers are allowed to know the charges'
                    nature or view the prosecution's evidence. </span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>Article 5:</strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>"<em>No one shall be subjected to
                        torture or cruel, inhuman or</em></strong></span></span><span><span><strong><em>
                        degrading treatment or punishment</em></strong><strong>."</strong></span></span>
              </p>
              <p><span><span>The Israeli occupation state branches,
                    including the judiciary system, have never hesitated
                    to provide a legal cover for all acts of torture,
                    cruel and degrading treatment against the
                    Palestinian people by the Israeli Occupation Forces
                    and intelligence agencies. Despite the entrenched
                    and absolute prohibition of torture, particularly
                    under Article 5 of the UDHR and Article 2(2) of the
                    Convention against Torture, which Israel ratified on
                    3 October 1991, Israeli practices on the ground
                    reflect a reality that stands in contrast with this
                    non-derogable rule.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>In reality, the Israeli Occupation Forces
                    practice clear violations of this fundamental right
                    from the first moments of the arrest until the
                    detention or release of Palestinians, most notably
                    during the interrogation process. The Israeli forces
                    systematically put the detainees under severe
                    physical and psychological pressure, in many cases,
                    as a means to extract confessions. This includes
                    beatings, physical assault, sleep deprivation for
                    prolonged hours, which often leads to the detainees'
                    collapse, forcing the detainees into stressful
                    positions for long periods and calling in their
                    family members, and threatening to arrest and
                    brutally interrogate them.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>Although the <a
href="http://www.addameer.org/sites/default/files/publications/story_based_torture_final.pdf">Israeli
                      High Court's 1999 ruling</a> confirms the
                    prohibition of the use of torture, however, it does
                    permit the practice of "moderate physical pressure"
                    in cases of "necessity defense" as outlined in
                    article 34(11) of the Israeli Penal Code of 1977.
                    The necessity defense presents a serious loophole
                    that allows the interrogation of a person suspected
                    of possessing information on "military operations,"
                    thus providing a legal cover for Shabak
                    interrogators to practice impunity torture and cruel
                    treatment against Palestinian prisoners. On 26
                    November 2018, the Israeli Supreme Court rejected <a
href="http://www.addameer.org/sites/default/files/publications/for_webtqryr_lnthkt_lnhyy_lnjlyzy.pdf">Firas
                      Tubayesh's</a> petition regarding torture,
                    undermining the absolute prohibition on torture.
                    This ruling's gravity extends beyond legitimizing
                    torture to broadening the definition of the
                    "necessity defense."</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>It is important to note that a number of
                    detainees subjected to this form of interrogation
                    techniques were later charged with what can only be
                    described as simple charges that primarily revolved
                    around their student union activism in universities,
                    like student detainees <a
                      href="http://www.addameer.org/prisoner/ameer-hazboun">Ameer
                      Hazboun </a>and <a
                      href="http://www.addameer.org/prisoner/mais-mohammad-abu-ghosh">Mais
                      Abu Ghosh</a>. </span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>Article 10:</strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span><strong>"<em>Everyone is entitled in full
                        equality to a fair and public hearing by an
                        independent and impartial tribunal, in the
                        determination of his rights and obligations and
                        any criminal charge against him.</em>"</strong></span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>The Israeli military courts display a
                    significant lack of impartiality and dependency on
                    the discretion of the Israeli government and
                    intelligence agencies, which has effectively
                    transformed the judicial system into a tool of the
                    occupation to legalize the Israeli policies against
                    the Palestinian people. This includes approving the
                    extension of detention for interrogation purposes
                    despite the evident marks of torture on the
                    prisoners, approving administrative detention orders
                    without a real cause for arrest, and issuing
                    unusually long sentences against Palestinians. One
                    cannot overlook Israeli courts' role in convicting
                    Palestinian detainees based on confessions extracted
                    under duress or torture; instead of finding these
                    confessions inadmissible.</span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>Numerous human rights organizations
                    consider prosecuting civilians before military
                    courts an infringement upon the right to a fair
                    trial. The idea is that Israeli military courts,
                    whose judges are military officers who do not
                    necessarily have long-term judicial training and are
                    biased, aim to prosecute Palestinian civilians
                    arrested by the Israeli military and charged with
                    "security violations" and other crimes defined by
                    the Israeli military orders. Within these military
                    courts, military orders always take precedence over
                    Israeli and international law. On the rare occasions
                    when international law is used, it is used to favor
                    the occupying power. It is important to note that
                    the yearly conviction rate of Palestinians in these
                    military courts is always above 99%. </span></span></p>
              <p><span><span>Addameer Prisoner Support and Human Rights
                    Association takes the opportunity to restore its
                    faith in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights'
                    values and principles as a tool to apply human
                    rights standards in opposition to the Israeli
                    occupation's apartheid regime and systematic
                    injustice practices. Addameer reaffirms its
                    commitment to advocate for Palestinians' legitimate
                    rights and support Palestinian political prisoners
                    in their quest for liberty and justice.</span></span></p>
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