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            href="https://theintercept.com/2018/02/20/yale-puerto-rico-debt/">https://theintercept.com/2018/02/20/yale-puerto-rico-debt/</a></font>
        <h1 id="reader-title">Yale University Under the Spotlight for
          Its Investment in Puerto Rican Debt</h1>
        <div class="PostByline-names"><a class="PostByline-link"
            rel="author" href="https://theintercept.com/staff/davidd/"><span
              itemprop="name">David Dayen</span></a><span
            class="PostByline-date"> - February 20 2018</span></div>
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                <p><span><u>A coalition of</u> activists uncovered late
                    last year that Yale University’s </span><a
href="https://news.yale.edu/2017/10/10/investment-return-113-brings-yale-endowment-value-272-billion"><span>$27.2
                      billion endowment</span></a><span> had a direct
                    investment in Puerto Rican debt instruments through
                    a Cayman Islands-registered shell corporation. It is
                    believed to be the first documented proof of a
                    university endowment holding Puerto Rican bonds
                    directly in its portfolio. But the investment
                    manager that maintained the bonds, Cyrus Capital,
                    quietly sold them in January, just as critics were
                    finalizing a campaign to condemn Yale for profiting
                    from the crisis in Puerto Rico.</span></p>
                <p><span>Yale’s endowment still has hundreds of millions
                    in the care of at least four hedge fund managers
                    that carry Puerto Rican bonds among their
                    investments. In addition, Yale’s top alumni donor,
                    Charles Johnson, is the retired board chair and
                    largest shareholder in Franklin Resources, which
                    holds $1.8 billion in Puerto Rican debt. Student
                    advocates for Puerto Rico plan to continue to
                    pressure the university, hoping to channel the
                    campus passion for racial justice into economic
                    justice for those on the island.</span></p>
                <p><span>The activist coalition, which includes state
                    and local elected officials, and labor, community,
                    and campus groups, released its findings on Tuesday,
                    calling on Yale’s endowment to fully disclose any
                    other direct holdings in Puerto Rican debt — and
                    cancel it. “The undersigned organizations urge you
                    to provide leadership in relieving Puerto Rico’s
                    unsustainable public debt burden,” reads a letter
                    sent to Yale Chief Investment Officer David Swensen.</span></p>
                <p><span>The call for a debt jubilee for the struggling
                    island, not merely divestment in the holdings,
                    significantly advances demands by Puerto Rico debt
                    activists. “We wanted to figure out a way for Yale
                    to take the lead for the people of Puerto Rico,”
                    said Charles Decker, a political science Ph.D.
                    candidate and vice president of research for Unite
                    Here Local 33, Yale’s graduate employee union. “If
                    the government is not going to do anything on Puerto
                    Rico, it’s up to the elite dominant institutions to
                    put pressure on managers and other universities to
                    take action.”</span></p>
                <p>In order to pay bondholders, who include hedge funds
                  backed by universities such as Yale and Harvard,
                  Puerto Rico is slashing <a
href="https://theintercept.com/2018/01/25/harvards-endowment-is-profiting-from-puerto-rican-debt-as-the-islands-schools-face-crippling-cuts/">spending
                    on education on the island,</a> while pursuing
                  extreme <a
href="https://theintercept.com/2017/11/08/puerto-rico-schools-system-with-post-katrina-new-orleans-as-the-model/">versions
                    of privatization.</a></p>
                <p><span>It’s not the first time Yale’s endowment has
                    been targeted due to its interests in Puerto Rico.
                    Last month, protesters </span><a
href="https://theintercept.com/2018/01/25/harvards-endowment-is-profiting-from-puerto-rican-debt-as-the-islands-schools-face-crippling-cuts/"><span>demanded</span></a><span>
                    that the endowment divest from the Baupost Group,
                    the </span><a
href="https://theintercept.com/2017/10/03/we-can-finally-identify-one-of-the-largest-holders-of-puerto-rican-debt/"><span>largest
                      holder</span></a><span> of COFINA bonds, which are
                    backed by the island’s sales taxes. The Baupost
                    investment in Puerto Rican debt had been secret
                    until </span><a
href="https://theintercept.com/2017/10/03/we-can-finally-identify-one-of-the-largest-holders-of-puerto-rican-debt/"><span>exposed
                      by The Intercept </span></a><span>in October.
                    Baupost, run by billionaire money manager Seth
                    Klarman, parked its COFINA bonds inside a shell
                    corporation named Decagon Holdings. The limited
                    partners in Decagon are unknown, but Yale does have
                    $740 million invested with the hedge fund. </span></p>
                <p><span>Unite Here researchers were able to find Yale’s
                    imprint on CRS Master Fund LP, a shell corporation </span><a
                    href="https://predictiveops.com/funds/8058316123258"><span>managed
                      by Cyrus Capital</span></a><span>, with whom the
                    university has $547 million invested. According to
                    information from Yale’s latest IRS return, known as
                    a 990 form, the endowment had 88.75 percent
                    ownership of the CRS Master Fund. The “share of
                    total income” listed on the 990 put Yale’s
                    investment at $68.57 million. According to court
                    documents, Cyrus Capital’s total stake in COFINA
                    bonds is $94.1 million.</span></p>
                <p><span>As part of the senior COFINA bondholders’
                    coalition, Cyrus has aggressively demanded full
                    repayment for its bonds, even as hurricanes Irma and
                    Maria ravaged Puerto Rico and left it even more
                    unable to repay its debts. COFINA bondholders have
                    been fighting in court with other creditors to get
                    first in line for repayment.</span></p>
                <p><span>When researchers discovered the Yale holding,
                    they shared the information with campus groups and
                    began to organize around it. But before they could
                    convene a formal action, they learned that the CRS
                    Master Fund sold its COFINA bonds in January for
                    between $64.6 million and $68.5 million. In fact,
                    Cyrus Capital </span><a
href="http://caribbeanbusiness.com/cyrus-capital-partners-sells-94-million-in-puerto-rico-sales-tax-bonds/"><span>sold
                      its entire stake</span></a><span> in the bonds and
                    dismissed itself from the COFINA bondholders’
                    coalition. Since the researchers didn’t know the
                    original purchase price, they cannot say what level
                    of profit or loss this yielded the fund — or Yale.</span></p>
                <p><span>“The campus community is not that big,” said
                    Decker. “One plausible explanation is that they know
                    we’re out there, and with people talking about
                    Puerto Rico and debt so much, they were worried
                    about the headlines.” Indeed, the sale came after
                    Baupost had its Puerto Rico holdings exposed, and
                    while endowment justice groups planned rallies to
                    protest the Baupost holdings.</span></p>
                <p><span>Cyrus Capital declined to comment.</span></p>
                <p><span>Yale has previously enjoyed profits from
                    distressed government debt. Bracebridge Capital, a </span><a
href="https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-02-04/the-secretive-hedge-fund-that-s-generating-huge-profits-for-yale"><span>secretive
                      hedge fund</span></a><span> in which Yale has
                    staked over $1 billion in capital, was paid $1.15
                    billion after a 15-year battle over Argentinian
                    debt, earning a 952 percent return on its initial
                    investment. Yale itself made $300 million in profit
                    on the Bracebridge deal in Argentina, a 660 percent
                    return, according to the Yale graduate employee
                    union’s research. </span></p>
                <p><span>The story of Yale’s profit ended up on the
                    front page of one of Argentina’s largest daily
                    newspapers, </span><a
href="https://www.pagina12.com.ar/61998-buitres-con-titulo-universitario"><span>Pagina
                      12</span></a><span>. Decker surmises that the
                    university didn’t want the same stories about
                    profits from Puerto Rico’s misery to appear in U.S.
                    media, so it sold off the debt before it could be
                    highlighted.</span></p>
                <span><u>The coalition, which</u> includes Unite Here
                  Local 33, Yale Democratic Socialists, the Black
                  Student Alliance, </span><a
                  href="https://www.facebook.com/ULANewHaven/"><span>Unidad
                    Latina en Acción</span></a><span> New Haven, Make
                  the Road Connecticut, and members of the </span><a
                  href="https://www.newhavenct.gov/gov/depts/alders/default.htm"><span>New
                    Haven Board of Alders</span></a><span> and the
                  Connecticut state legislature, did not halt
                  its activities after the sale, and is instead
                  demanding that Yale come clean on its stake in Puerto
                  Rican debt through other investments.</span>
                <p><span>In addition to Cyrus Capital, four other Yale
                    endowment investment managers have Puerto Rican debt
                    as part of their portfolios: Baupost, Fortress
                    Investment Group, Corbin Capital Partners, and
                    Carmel Asset Management. The debt holdings were
                    confirmed through legal filings and media reports,
                    including The Intercept’s </span><a
href="https://theintercept.com/2017/10/03/we-can-finally-identify-one-of-the-largest-holders-of-puerto-rican-debt/"><span>report
                      from October</span></a><span> unmasking Baupost’s
                    holdings. Swensen, Yale endowment’s chief investment
                    officer, actually sits on Baupost’s advisory board,
                    according to Klarman’s 2016 letter to investors.</span></p>
                <p><span>Yale alumni Charles Johnson donated $250
                    million to the school for two dormitories, the
                    largest single donation in the school’s history.
                    Johnson’s father founded Franklin Resources, a
                    mutual fund company; he and his brother Rupert
                    served as co-chairs, and his son Gregory is now
                    chair and CEO. Franklin owns COFINA bonds, general
                    obligation bonds, and bonds backed by the struggling
                    electric power authority, PREPA; the firm’s total
                    stake is $1.8 billion. Johnson is also the principal
                    owner of the San Francisco Giants.</span></p>
                <p><span>“By extracting wealth from a country without
                    economic stability, Yale is actively exacerbating
                    the economic collapse and suffering of Puerto Rico
                    and its people,” said the Black Student Alliance at
                    Yale in a statement. “As advocates for any
                    marginalized groups, especially black and brown
                    lives, we strongly urge Yale to forgive the debt in
                    order to avoid sentencing millions of Puerto Rican
                    citizens to lifetimes of poverty and forced economic
                    migration.”</span></p>
                <p><span>The letter to Yale chief investment officer
                    Swensen makes the following three demands:</span></p>
                <ol>
                  <li><span>Immediately disclose all Yale endowment
                      holdings in Puerto Rican debt  </span></li>
                  <li><span>Cancel all Puerto Rican debt held as Yale
                      and Franklin assets</span></li>
                  <li><span>Write to other investment managers like
                      Baupost LLC’s Seth Klarman and other universities
                      urging them to cancel Puerto Rico’s debt</span></li>
                </ol>
                <p><span>Yale did not respond to a request for comment.
                    The school has previously said that its bond
                    holdings are “ethically appropriate.” </span></p>
                <p><span>The coalition hopes additional pressure will
                    nudge the university into a leadership role. “I
                    think we’ve seen in the past few years that issues
                    of race are a real sore spot,” said Decker. “Puerto
                    Rico is a bunch of issues, but a racial justice
                    issue as well. There’s more appetite on campus now
                    than I’ve seen before for holding Yale accountable
                    on this.”</span></p>
                <p><span>Meanwhile, Puerto Rico had its requests for a
                    $300 million emergency loan for its power authority
                    rejected, which officials fear will lead to </span><a
href="https://www.elnuevodia.com/english/english/nota/growingconcernaboutenergy-2399702/"><span>rolling
                      blackouts</span></a><span> before power has even
                    been fully restored. Several groups of Puerto Rican
                    creditors </span><a
href="https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/puerto-ricos-creditors-unite-to-call-for-a-%20credible-pro-growth-fiscal-plan-300598668.html"><span>released
                      a letter</span></a><span> last week complaining
                    that the island’s latest fiscal plan allows the
                    government to spend too much on payroll and not
                    enough on repaying debt.</span></p>
                <p><span>“As a Puerto Rican living in Connecticut, I am
                    concerned about the role that Yale has in investing
                    in hedge funds and corporations that are hurting my
                    island,” said Ilanis Hernandez, a youth leader with
                    Make the Road Connecticut. “I am committed to
                    working with community allies to push Yale and other
                    institutions to stand up for Puerto Rico and stop
                    investing in hate.”</span></p>
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