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<font size=3><a href="http://empirenotes.org/" eudora="autourl">
http://empirenotes.org/<br>
</a></font><font size=2><b><i>October 19, 2007<br>
</b></font><font size=3>Article -- A Tale of Two Atrocities -- Blackwater
and Haditha <br><br>
<br><br>
</i>A longer version of last week's commentary, with more information
about the Haditha prosecution:<br><br>
<a href="http://empirenotes.org/twoatrocities.html">A Tale of Two
Atrocities – Blackwater and Haditha</a><br>
By Rahul Mahajan<br>
October 19, 2007<br><br>
The recent public outrage over the conduct of Blackwater Security
mercenaries in Iraq, after an unprovoked massacre of at least 17 Iraqi
civilians in western Baghdad has been heartening; unfortunately, there
has been virtually no attention a far more important concurrent
development – the ongoing collapse of the military prosecution in the
Haditha massacre.<br><br>
Paul Bremer’s decision at the eleventh hour before his departure in June
2004 to set all private contractors in Iraq above the law (they are not
subject to Iraqi law, U.S. military law, or U.S. civilian law) stands out
as one of the more cynical decisions of a war that has redefined
cynicism, and attention to that fact is a positive development.<br><br>
At the same time, however, all the attention is being focused on an
extremely minor issue. The U.S. military has possibly killed more
civilians in a single incident than all the mercenary companies operating
in Iraq in the last several years. According to Iraq Body Count, the
first U.S. Marine assault on Fallujah in April 2004, claimed the lives of
at least 600 Iraqi civilians, out of a total of at least 800
people.<br><br>
That number is actually cited in a report by the House Committee on
Oversight and Government Reform regarding Blackwater, but its
implications are hardly appreciated.<br><br>
According to the same report, since January 1, 2005, Blackwater has been
involved in 195 shooting incidents – other mercenary companies all
together account for a similar number.<br><br>
This is the equivalent of a couple of days’ worth of shooting incidents
for the U.S. military in Iraq. Not only are there more of them than there
are of private mercenaries (roughly three times the number), mercenaries
do not go on offensive operations or do routine patrolling. Those are the
activities most likely to lead to shooting.<br><br>
Even if U.S. soldiers are for the most part genuinely more careful about
rules of engagement, the far greater volume of violent incidents means
that it is actually the conduct of the U.S. military, not of mercenaries,
that is the problem.<br><br>
In that regard, consider the evolution of the prosecution for the Haditha
massacre, one of the most iconic incidents of atrocity by the U.S.
military.<br><br>
The facts that are not in dispute are these: On November 19, 2005, after
an IED attack that killed one of them, Marines from Kilo Company, 3rd
Battalion, 1st Regiment killed 24 people. The first killed were five men
in a car who stopped, got out, and then were mown down. Afterwards,
Marines entered a house and killed 15 civilians, including three women
and seven children, ranging in age from 2 to 13.<br><br>
In another house, four brothers, all adults, were killed, three of them
with handgun shots to the head. Lance Corporal Justin Sharratt, the
killer, said that they were armed and preparing to attack.<br><br>
The Marines lied about what happened, indicating at first that there had
been a firefight with insurgents and the others had been caught in the
crossfire.<br><br>
A series of higher-ranking officers didn’t bother to
investigate.<br><br>
Court-martial hearings did not begin until this summer, almost two years
after the incident.<br><br>
Initially, 8 men were charged: Staff Sergeant Frank Wuterich, Sgt. Sanick
Dela Cruz, Lance Cpl. Justin Sharratt, and Lance Cpl. Stephen Tatum, for
unpremeditated murder, and Lt. Col. Jeffrey Chessani, Capt. Lucas
McConnell, Capt. Randy Stone, and 1st Lt. Andrew Grayson, for dereliction
of duty and a series of more minor charges relating to not investigating
or to covering up.<br><br>
The hearings have been a circus. First of all, they were held in Camp
Pendleton, California, rather than in Iraq, so the Iraqis who witnessed
the events couldn’t testify. Second, the families of the victims refused
requests by military interrogators to exhume the bodies for forensic
evidence. Third, Lt. Col. Paul Ware, who presided over the hearings, has
been both excessively sympathetic to the defendants and excessively
concerned with the effect that the verdicts will have on future Marine
operations. Fourth, some rather odd plea bargains have been
made.<br><br>
Most recently, Ware recommended that all charges of murder (originally 13
counts) against Wuterich be dropped and replaced with charges of
negligent homicide only for seven of the murdered women and children
(many of them shot in their beds) – and has added that he doesn’t think
Wuterich would be convicted on those charges either.<br><br>
According to the testimony of fellow Marines, a week before the incident,
Wuterich said that if something like that happened, they should kill
everyone in the vicinity. Wuterich himself admitted to ordering his men
breaking into the houses to “shoot first and ask questions later.” And,
contrary to Wuterich’s claim that the first five men were running away
after they got out of the car, Dela Cruz testified that the men
"were just standing, looking around, had hands up."<br><br>
Dela Cruz was given immunity for his testimony, but he may have
deliberately made a hash of it, contradicting himself and at one time
admitting that he was lying; events conspired nicely to get him and
Wuterich both off.<br><br>
Earlier, Ware recommended dropping all charges against Sharratt,
accepting his claim that the execution-style killings of the three men
shot in the head occurred in self-defense in the heat of combat. He also
wanted charges dropped on Tatum, even though fellow Marine Lance Cpl.
Humberto Mendoza testified that Tatum had ordered him to shoot the seven
women and children, even after being informed of their identity and that
they posed no threat.<br><br>
Charges were dropped against the two captains, Grayson is still under
investigation, and Ware recommended that Chessani be charged with
dereliction of duty, although with none of the actual murderers on trial,
apparently, he was derelict in investigating nothing.<br><br>
Major General Eldon Bargewell’s scathing outside report on the incident,
which, though unclassified, has not been publicly released because of the
ongoing hearings, found that "All levels of command tended to view
civilian casualties, even in significant numbers, as routine and as the
natural and intended result of insurgent tactics," adding,
"Statements made by the chain of command during interviews for this
investigation, taken as a whole, suggest that Iraqi civilian lives are
not as important as U.S. lives, their deaths are just the cost of doing
business, and that the Marines need to get 'the job done' no matter what
it takes.” He also found that found that "virtually no inquiry at
any level of command was conducted,” that officers looked at reports of
civilian casualties as pro-insurgent propaganda to suppress and spin, and
that reports filed by senior officers were “forgotten once
transmitted.”<br><br>
Even so, no higher officers faced criminal charges; three were
reprimanded.<br><br>
Of course, not every court-martial in the Iraq war has been such a farce.
The men who raped 14-year-old Abeer Hamza in Mahmudiyah, killed her
family, then killed her and set her corpse on fire got severe sentences.
In the Hamdaniyah case, where a squad of Marines murdered an innocent man
and then planted a shovel on him to suggest that he was placing an IED,
Sgt. Lawrence Hutchins was actually sentenced to 15 years, although it
remains to be seen if he will serve his time; most of his accomplices got
slaps on the wrist and are already out of jail. <br><br>
The Haditha case is different from the others. It is not essential to
U.S. military strategy in Iraq to leave soldiers free to rape and murder
little girls or even to murder the wrong man when you’re looking for
insurgents; in fact, the military has an interest in discouraging such
behavior. Aggressive house raids in which soldiers feel free to “shoot
first and ask questions later,” have been, however, fundamental to U.S.
practice in Iraq; even Lt. Col. Ware, departing from his ostensible role
as prosecutor, expressed concern about the chilling effect convictions
would have on Marines operating in Iraq.<br><br>
Overall, the record of accountability for atrocities committed by U.S.
soldiers is pathetic. Soldiers who kill prisoners in custody routinely
get administrative punishment; missing a troop movement gets a
court-martial, but murdering a helpless man rarely does. In the
particularly brutal killing of two young men in Bagram prison, in which
soldiers testified that they used to assault one of them, Dilawar, a
22-year-old taxi driver, just because they liked to hear him scream
“Allah!” in pain, nobody was charged with murder, on the incredibly
specious reasoning that, since 27 different people used to enjoy
torturing him, there was no way to determine which “unlawful knee strike”
caused him to die. Try using that defense if you’re a young black kid
holding up a 7-11 when one of your accomplices shoots the clerk.
Contractors may be subject to no law, but the law soldiers are subject to
is rarely much better than nothing.<br><br>
During the course of this trial, we learned that Marine rules of
engagement allowed them to shoot in the back unarmed people running away
from the scene of a car bomb explosion, even if there was no reason to
connect them with the attack. We learned that in the second assault on
Fallujah (in November 2004), approved procedure was to “clear” rooms by
tossing in fragmentation grenades blind – even though initial estimates
were that perhaps as many as 50,000 civilians remained in the town – and
that many Marines used the same technique afterward in other areas. We
learned about the routine practice of dead-checking – if a man is
wounded, instead of offering him medical aid, shoot him again, on the
principle that “If somebody is worth shooting once, they're worth
shooting twice.” One of the Marines testified in the hearings that they
were taught this practice in boot camp.<br><br>
A sleepwalking nation paid little attention to these revelations. When
future histories of the war are written, it will probably accept
statements that the hearings proved the Haditha massacre was a
hoax.<br><br>
But we will all remain united in righteous indignation against peripheral
targets.<br><br>
Rahul Mahajan is publisher of the weblog EmpireNotes.org. He has been to
occupied Iraq twice and reported from the first assault on Fallujah in
April 2004. His most recent book is
<a href="http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/1583225781/empirenotes-20">
Full Spectrum Dominance: U.S. Power in Iraq and Beyond</a> (Seven Stories
Press). He can be contacted at
<a href="mailto:rahul@empirenotes.org">rahul@empirenotes.org</a><br><br>
</font><font size=2 color="#BC8636"><i><a name="15oct071"></a>October 15,
2007<br>
</font><font size=3>Weekly Commentary -- Al Gore, Peacemaker <br><br>
</i>The right wing is already hyperventilating over the decision to award
Al Gore the Nobel Peace Prize. On Saturday, the Wall Street Journal ran
an unsigned editorial naming all the people who didn’t get the Nobel
Peace Prize this year (their list of potential nominees included Alvaro
Uribe and Tony Blair), suggesting with the subtlety of a sledgehammer
that Gore didn’t deserve it.<br><br>
I, on the contrary, think Gore richly deserves the prize and his place in
history beside Henry Kissinger and Theodore Roosevelt.<br><br>
Gore’s first claim to fame, after all, was being one of only 10
Democratic senators to vote in favor of the 1991 Gulf War. The Bush
administration whipped up a massive propaganda campaign, the centerpiece
of which was an Amnesty International report containing the false claim
that Iraqi troops had ripped hundreds of Kuwaiti babies out of
incubators. AIPAC also went all out in its lobbying. The final vote was
52-47 in the Senate.<br><br>
Republicans Alan Simpson and Bob Dole claimed afterward that Gore, who
had remained on the fence until the final hours, sold his vote to the
Republicans for 20 minutes on prime time in the televised hearings. This
claim has been denied by many and two biographers of Gore were unable to
corroborate it.<br><br>
Instead, according to others, it was a deeply principled vote and Gore
spent much time in anguished consultation with his good friend Marty
Peretz, editor of The New Republic, and widely acknowledged even by
mainstream journalists to be an extreme anti-Arab racist.<br><br>
In 1992, Gore came out with a book on the global environmental crisis
called Earth in the Balance. Except for the last bit, which devolved into
Christian fundamentalism (before the Second Coming of George Bush,
Clinton and Carter were by far the most fundamentalist postwar
presidents), it was an excellent book. In fact, it was so good that I
remember wondering who wrote it.<br><br>
He followed up this ringing environmental call to arms with eight years
in an administration that never raised the Corporate Average Fuel Economy
(CAFÉ) standards for automobiles. Indeed, more action was taken on
mileage during the Reagan-Bush years than during the Clinton
years.<br><br>
While in office, Gore’s “Reinventing Government” initiative served to gut
government oversight of numerous spending programs; $1000 hammers and
$2000 toilet seats for the military, which had disappeared after a wave
of taxpayer outrage, returned.<br><br>
His most impressive achievement came later, as head of the U.S./South
Africa Binational Commission. In 1998, South Africa passed a law, legal
under WTO rules, enabling compulsory licensing of AIDS drugs – so that
they could produce the drugs themselves, simply paying the patent-holders
a fee. At the time, a years’ worth of AIDS drugs cost about $20,000.
Gore, defending the interests of U.S. pharmaceutical companies,
threatened trade sanctions if South Africa didn’t repeal the law. Gore
only changed his stance in 1999 when, running for president, he was
constantly protested by ACT-UP and other activists; if the plight of
Africans with AIDS didn’t move him, the prospect of his own embarrassment
certainly did.<br><br>
Gore has certainly done something good; his mediocre film has brought a
tremendous amount of attention to global warming. And, even though the
IPCC has been criticized by many scientists for watering down its
predictions under political pressure, its honoring takes the political
fight against global warming to a new level.<br><br>
I would like also to believe in the possibility of personal redemption.
Starting in 2002, before it was cool, Gore made impassioned speeches
against the Iraq war; indeed, they may have cost him the 2004
presidential nomination. He has been a steadfast critic of the political
turn the country has taken and also of the pathetic band-aid measures on
global warming being considered by Congress.<br><br>
Bill Clinton, who once presided over Gore’s South Africa fight, now runs
a foundation dedicated to bringing cheap AIDS drugs to poor Africans.
Jimmy Carter, who supported the Shah of Iran, and increased arms sales to
Indonesia during its genocidal occupation of East Timor, certified the
Chavez recall referendum results as legitimate and wrote a book
condemning the occupation of the West Bank and Gaza. Jeffrey Sachs, the
architect of “shock therapy” in the former Soviet Union, has been an
advocate for massive aid to Africa and wrote some blistering editorials
against the U.S. backed coup in Haiti in 2004.<br><br>
I’d like to say all these people learned from, and repented their sins.
But until the bastards apologize for what they did in the past, instead
of simply preening about what they’re doing now, I can’t.<br><br>
<br><br>
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