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<h1><b>Hamas to Show an Improved
Hand</b></h1><font size=3>
<a href="http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118575064310581669.html" eudora="autourl">
http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118575064310581669.html<br><br>
</a>Organization Aims to Capitalize <br>
On Intelligence Gains From Gaza Takeover<br><br>
By <b>CAM SIMPSON</b> in Jerusalem and <b>NEIL KING JR.</b> in
Washington<br>
July 30, 2007; Page A4<br><br>
When the Islamist group Hamas conquered the Gaza Strip in June it seized
an intelligence-and-military infrastructure created with U.S. help by the
security chiefs of the Palestinian territory's former ruler.<br><br>
According to current and former Israeli intelligence officials, former
U.S. intelligence personnel and Palestinian officials, Hamas has
increased its inventory of arms since the takeover of Gaza and picked up
technical expertise -- such as espionage techniques -- that could assist
the group in its fight against Israel or Washington's Palestinian allies,
the Fatah movement founded by Yasser Arafat.<br><br>
Hamas leaders say they acquired thousands of paper files, computer
records, videos, photographs and audio recordings containing valuable and
potentially embarrassing intelligence information gathered by Fatah. For
more than a decade, Fatah operated a vast intelligence network in Gaza
established under the tutelage of the Central Intelligence
Agency.<br><br>
Hamas leaders are expected as early as tomorrow to go public with some of
the documents and the secrets they hold.<br><br>
The exact nature of the threat posed by the intelligence grab in Gaza --
including any damage to U.S. intelligence operations in the Palestinian
territories and the broader Middle East -- is difficult to ascertain.
U.S. and Israeli officials generally tried to play down any losses,
saying any intelligence damage is likely minimal.<br><br>
But a number of former U.S. intelligence officials, including some who
have worked closely with the Palestinians, said there was ample reason to
worry that Hamas has acquired access to important spying technology as
well as intelligence information that could be helpful to Hamas in
countering Israeli and U.S. efforts against the group.<br><br>
"People are worried, and reasonably so, about what kind of
intelligence losses we may have suffered," said one former U.S.
intelligence official with extensive experience in Gaza.<br><br>
A U.S. government official said he doubted serious secrets were
compromised in the Gaza takeover. Other officials said they had no reason
to believe that U.S. spying operations elsewhere in the Arab world had
been compromised.<br><br>
Close ties between Hamas and the governments of Iran and Syria also mean
that intelligence-and-spying techniques could be shared with the main
Middle East rivals of the Bush administration. As the White House
prepares to lead an international effort to bolster Fatah's security
apparatus in the West Bank, the losses in Gaza stand as an example of how
efforts to help Fatah can backfire.<br><br>
The compromised intelligence Hamas says it now has ranges widely. The
group alleges it has videos used in a sexual-blackmail operation run by
Washington's allies inside Fatah's security apparatus. But the group also
says it has uncovered detailed evidence of Fatah-controlled spying
operations carried out in Arab and Muslim countries for the benefit of
the U.S. and other foreign governments. Hamas also alleges that Fatah
intelligence operatives cooperated with Israeli intelligence officials to
target Islamist leaders for assassination.<br><br>
"What we have is good enough for us to completely reveal the
practices [of Fatah-controlled security services], both locally and
throughout the region," said Khalil al Hayya, a senior Hamas
official in Gaza, who has assumed a leading role on the intelligence
issue for the Islamist group.<br><br>
Michael Scheuer, a former top CIA counterterrorism analyst who left the
agency in 2004, said the U.S. had provided the Fatah-controlled
Palestinian Authority with "substantial help" in training as
well as computers, other equipment and analytical tools. Other former
intelligence officials confirmed that the U.S. gave Fatah-controlled
services sophisticated intelligence-gathering equipment, including
eavesdropping technology, though these officials wouldn't provide more
precise details about the technology.<br><br>
This kind of technology, along with the knowledge it yields, is broadly
known in intelligence circles as "Sigint," which is shorthand
for "signals intelligence." It can include eavesdropping
equipment, devices used for intercepting radio, microwave and telephone
communications and telemetry technology that allows the user to pinpoint
the location of someone holding a communication device, such as a
cellphone.<br><br>
"The United States invested a lot of effort in setting up this
system in Gaza -- construction, equipment, training… filings, the
logistics, the transportation. It was a big operation, and it's now in
the hands of the other side," said Efraim Halevy, who formerly
headed both the Mossad, which is Israel's foreign-intelligence agency,
and Israel's National Security Council. Mr. Halevy said, however, that he
didn't want to overemphasize the value of Hamas's potential intelligence
gains.<br><br>
Avi Dichter, Israel's public-security minister and the former head of
Shin Bet, the domestic intelligence-and-counterterrorism agency, also
said he didn't want to overemphasize the potential benefits to Hamas. But
he confirmed that the Islamist group seized Sigint technology and
expertise during its Gaza sweep. He declined to provide specifics, but
said it had been provided by the Americans, the British and the French.
<br><br>
Mr. Dichter, who left the Shin Bet when his five-year term as its chief
ended in 2005, also said the potential damage goes beyond Hamas's ability
to turn the technology against its enemies. Now, he said, the militants
could gain an understanding of how such technology is used against them,
allowing them to adopt more sophisticated counter measures.<br><br>
"It's not only the tools. It's also the philosophy that's behind
them," he said.<br><br>
Hamas leaders are being vague about the equipment and technological
know-how they captured. Mr. Hayya said some important former Fatah
operatives in Gaza, all of whom were granted amnesty after Hamas took
over, were now cooperating with the group on intelligence
matters.<br><br>
Easier to assess is the threat posed by the military hardware Hamas
picked up after the takeover. The militant group seized an arsenal of
arms and munitions captured from U.S.-backed security forces loyal to
Fatah and its leader, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas.<br><br>
Mr. Dichter said Hamas gained roughly the same number of weapons during a
few days that it would have taken the group nearly a year to amass from
smuggling operations.<br><br>
Hamas says it is using the armaments to build a popular army in Gaza.
Israeli intelligence and security officials estimate the Islamist group
has some 13,000 armed men in Gaza.<br><br>
As for Fatah's secrets, Hamas leaders say they grabbed intelligence
stashes from three locations: the headquarters in Gaza City of the
Preventive Security Force; the Palestinian Authority intelligence
headquarters, which were housed in a Gaza City office known as "Il
Safina," or "the ship"; and a nearby
satellite-intelligence office dubbed, "Il Mashtal," or
"the nursery."<br><br>
As Hamas fighters moved in during their June sweep across Gaza, Fatah
officials burned some papers and stripped data from computers. But the
Hamas conquest was so quick that significant caches remained for the
taking, according to the militant group.<br><br>
All three sites were long under the sway of Fatah strongman Mohammed
Dahlan, who first became an important CIA ally in Gaza in 1996. At the
time, then-CIA director George Tenet began working openly with Mr. Dahlan
and other Palestinian officials to build up security services aimed at
combating the rise of Hamas and like-minded extremist groups that
rejected the Oslo peace accords.<br><br>
Through a spokesman, Mr. Tenet declined to comment on the CIA-Fatah
cooperation, his relationship with Mr. Dahlan or Hamas's gains. Mr.
Dahlan on Thursday formally resigned his Palestinian Authority post. Mr.
Dahlan hasn't commented publicly since resigning and he couldn't be
located for comment. Associates in the West Bank said he was
abroad.<br><br>
Mr. Hayya, the senior Hamas leader, said hundreds of the group's Hamas's
operatives have been culling through and analyzing the intelligence
troves since their seizure, with specialists in security, forensic
accounting and administration conducting detailed assessments.
Significant portions of these assessments are close to completion, Mr.
Hayya said.<br><br>
Some of the most potentially explosive claims from Hamas center on the
alleged activities beyond the Gaza Strip of Palestinian agents loyal to
Fatah. Mr. Hayya alleged the CIA utilized Palestinian agents for covert
intelligence operations in other Middle Eastern countries. Hamas, he
said, now possesses a roadmap detailing the names and actions of
"those men whom thought were going to continue to be their hand
across the region."<br><br>
Some former U.S. intelligence officials who worked closely with the
Palestinian Authority confirmed that such overseas spying arrangements
beyond Gaza existed with the Palestinians in the past and said they
likely continued, bolstering the credibility of Hamas's claims.<br><br>
Whitley Bruner, a longtime CIA officer in the Middle East, recalled that
"some of our first really good information on [Osama] bin Laden in
Sudan" in the early 1990s "came from Palestinian sources."
Before leaving the agency in 1997, Mr. Bruner participated in many of the
first cooperative sessions organized by Mr. Tenet between the CIA and the
Palestinians.<br><br>
"It's not unlikely that continued to do things for the U.S. well
beyond the territories," Mr. Bruner said. "Palestinians are
embedded all over the place, so they have access to things that the U.S.
doesn't."<br><br>
Others are more circumspect. Bruce Reidel, who worked for nearly 30 years
as a U.S. Middle East specialist, both as a CIA intelligence officer and
as an adviser to Presidents Clinton and Bush, said there is sure to be
"quite a treasure trove of materials that would document
relationship with the CIA." Mr. Reidel said during his time in
government, which ended in 2005, "the Palestinians were always
trying to prove that they had unique access and information," but he
said he was skeptical of Hamas's claims that such operations ventured far
beyond Gaza and the West Bank.<br><br>
Mr. Hayya alleges that while many officials from Arab and Muslim nations
knew Mr. Dahlan was cooperating with U.S. intelligence agencies inside
the Palestinian territories, many of those same leaders "are going
to be amazed and surprised when they discover had actually worked against
them for the Americans." He wouldn't directly answer a question
about which nations were allegedly being spied on, but he said Egypt,
Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates had the most to be concerned
about from potential disclosures.<br><br>
Jabril Rajoub, a Fatah rival to Mr. Dahlan who was long his West Bank
counterpart and most recently served as Mr. Abbas's national security
adviser, said he was aware of the alleged outlines of these operations,
though he said he was unaware of their details. He called the Gaza-based
network a "for-hire" intelligence operation, adding that it was
active around the Middle East and provided information to the Americans,
the British and others.<br><br>
Mr. Hayya also said there is a substantial amount of evidence detailing
cooperation between Fatah and Israel. There is evidence several militant
leaders were targeted as a result of such cooperation, he alleged. This
includes circumstantial evidence that he was personally targeted in an
Israeli assassination attempt after he was fingered by Fatah intelligence
officers as a top security threat.<br><br>
After taking over Gaza, Mr. Hayya said Hamas recovered notes from a
meeting of senior Palestinian Authority intelligence officials in which
they discussed Mr. Hayya's value to the Islamist group. On May 20, less
than a week after the meeting, an Israeli missile was fired into his
home, killing eight people. Mr. Hayya was en route at the time, but says
the strike came about five minutes after his 35-year-old cousin, Ibrahim,
entered the home. The Hamas leader said he and his cousin look very
similar.<br><br>
"They thought it was me," he said.<br><br>
A spokeswoman for the Shin Bet declined to comment.<br><br>
<b>Write to </b>Cam Simpson at
<a href="mailto:cam.simpson@wsj.com">cam.simpson@wsj.com</a> and Neil
King Jr. at
<a href="mailto:neil.king@wsj.com">neil.king@wsj.com</a><br><br>
<br><br>
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